The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Labor Market in Argentina: The Intersection of Gender and Socioeconomic Background.

This paper investigates gender differences in the short- and longer-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment status in Argentina. Using individual cross-sectional and panel data from household surveys, we compare employment status (inactive, unemployed, self-employed, or employed, distinguishing between the formal and informal sectors) before, immediately after, and a year after the pandemic. We examine how gender intersects with education and age in affecting employment status transitions and the extent to which COVID-19 deepened gender, educational, and age inequalities.

The Gendered Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Employment in Argentina: The Mediating Role of the Public vs. Private Sectors.

This study examines the COVID-19 pandemic's immediate and long-term impact on Argentina's labor market with a focus on gender disparities and the mediating role of the public vs. private sectors. Using household survey data, we assess men and women's employment trends before, during, and after the pandemic.

Oral Health Policy and Research Capacity: Perspectives From Dental Schools in Africa.

Introduction And Aims: The prioritisation of oral health in all health policies in the WHO African region is gaining momentum. Dental schools in this region are key stakeholders in informing the development and subsequent downstream implementation and monitoring of these policies. The objectives of our study are to determine how dental schools contribute to oral health policies (OHPs) in this region, to identify the barriers to and facilitators for engaging with other local stakeholders, and to understand their capacity to respond to population and public health needs.

Exploring the Association Between Detention Conditions, Detention-Related Abuse, and Mental Health Among Deported Mexican Migrants.

Migration, detention, and deportation are often rife with violence. This study sought to examine associations between pre-migration experiences, detention conditions, and mental health among Mexicans deported from the U.S.

Geographic dispersion and racial disparities in homeownership among Puerto Ricans.

The U.S. mainland Puerto Rican population has experienced dramatic growth and geographic dispersion in recent decades.

The next phases of the Migrante Project: Study protocol to expand an observatory of migrant health on the Mexico-U.S. border.

Background: Mexican migrants traveling across the Mexico-United States (U.S.) border region represent a large, highly mobile, and socially vulnerable subset of Mexican nationals.

COVID-19 testing, infection, and vaccination among deported Mexican migrants: Results from a survey on the Mexico-U.S. border.

Background: Migrants detained and held in immigration and other detention settings in the U.S. have faced increased risk of COVID-19 infection, but data on this population is scarce.

Nativity differentials in first births in the United States: Patterns by race and ethnicity.

Background: While recent decades have seen gradual convergence in ethno-racial disparities in completed fertility in the United States, differences in the age pattern of first births remain. The role of nativity has not been fully understood.

Objective: This paper examines how first births vary by nativity, and how this variation contributes to more significant racial and ethnic differentials.

Continuities and Changes in the Processes of Mexican Migration and Return.

This article examines continuities and changes in the prevalence and determinants of first migration and return between Mexico and the United States. Results show a dramatic decline over time in the likelihood of migrants' making a first trip. The empirical design distinguishes processes affecting migrating cohorts from those emanating from period conditions, paying particular attention to changes in educational selectivity and the legal status of the flows.

Migration and depression: A cross-national comparison of Mexicans in sending communities and Durham, NC.

Rationale: Latino immigrants have been shown to average better health and longevity than native whites, in spite of their relative socioeconomic disadvantage. However, mental health outcomes stand in stark contrast to this epidemiological "paradox," as factors such as depression are significantly higher for Latino immigrants than other groups.

Objective: We explore the link between migration and depressive feelings using a binational random survey of Mexicans in Durham, NC and sending communities in Mexico.

Abortion Legalization and Childbearing in Mexico.

In 2007 abortion was legalized in the Federal District of Mexico, making it the largest jurisdiction in Latin America, outside of Cuba, to allow women to have abortions on request during the first trimester of pregnancy. While the implications of the law for women's health and maternal mortality have been investigated, its potential association with fertility behavior has yet to be assessed. We examine metropolitan-area differences in overall and parity-specific childbearing, as well as the age pattern of childbearing between 2000 and 2010 to identify the contribution of abortion legalization to fertility in Mexico.

Perceived discrimination among Latino immigrants in new destinations: The case of Durham, NC.

This paper draws on original survey data to assess the prevalence of perceived discrimination among Latin American immigrants to Durham, NC, a "new immigrant destinations" in the Southeastern United States. Even though discrimination has a wide-ranging impact on social groups, from blocked opportunities, to adverse health outcomes, to highlighting and reifying inter-group boundaries, research among immigrant Latinos is rare, especially in new destinations. Our theoretical framework and empirical analysis expand social constructivist approaches that view ethnic discrimination as emerging from processes of competition and incorporation.

A tale of two contexts: U.S. migration and the labor force trajectories of Mexican women.

Unlabelled: Even though women have long participated in Mexico-U.S. migration studies assessing the labor market implications of international mobility for women are rare.

Migration, Social Organization, and the Sexual Partners of Mexican Men.

We build on recent developments in social organization theory to examine the sexual partnering of Mexican men in a new area of immigrant destination. We elaborate on two levels of contextual influence: 1) how differences in social capital between sending and receiving communities affect partner formation and 2) how neighborhood social cohesion influences immigrants' behavior. Data come from an original survey conducted in Durham, NC and migrant sending communities in Mexico.

Hispanic fertility, immigration, and race in the twenty-first century.

In this paper we systematically describe the connection between immigration and fertility in light of the increasing nativist reaction to Hispanic groups. We follow a life-course perspective to directly link migration and fertility transitions. The analysis combines original qualitative and quantitative data collected in Durham/Chapel Hill, NC as well as national level information from the Current Population Survey.

Forging Hispanic communities in new destinations: A case study of Durham, NC.

The Chicago School of urban sociology and its extension in the spatial assimilation model have provided the dominant framework for understanding the interplay between immigrant social and spatial mobility. However, the main tenets of the theory were derived from the experience of pre-war, centralized cities; scholars falling under the umbrella of the Los Angeles school have recently challenged the extent to which they are applicable to the contemporary urban form, which is characterized by sprawling, decentralized, and multi-nucleated development. Indeed, new immigrant destinations, such as those scattered throughout the American Southeast, are both decentralized lack prior experience with large scale immigration.

Hispanic Familism Reconsidered: Ethnic Differences in the Perceived Value of Children and Fertility Intentions.

Familism has been described as a cultural trait that might explain why the fertility of Hispanic women remains higher than non-Hispanic White women. Still, few studies have analyzed group differences in childbearing attitudes. This paper focuses on two dimensions of childbearing orientation: social value of children and fertility intentions.

How high is Hispanic/Mexican fertility in the united states? Immigration and tempo considerations.

In this article, I demonstrate that the apparently much higher fertility of Hispanic/Mexican women in the United States is almost exclusively the product of period estimates obtained for immigrant women and that period measures of immigrant fertility suffer from three serious sources of bias that together significantly overstate fertility levels: difficulties in estimating the size of immigrant groups; the tendency for migration to occur at a particular stage in life; and, most importantly, the tendency for women to have a birth soon after migration. When these sources of bias are taken into consideration, the fertility of native Hispanic/Mexican women is very close to replacement level. In addition, the completed fertility of immigrant women in the United States is dramatically lower than the level obtained from period calculations.

Migration and Sexuality: A Comparison of Mexicans in Sending and Receiving Communities.

The reconstruction of sexuality after migration is a central dimension of immigrant health and an integral part of the process of adaptation and incorporation. Despite its significance there is little quantitative information measuring the changes in sexual behavior accompanying migration. This paper contributes to the literature connecting immigrant adaptation and health risks by comparing sexual practices and attitudes among Mexicans in Durham, NC and Mexican sending communities.

Community attachment, neighborhood context, and sex worker use among Hispanic migrants in Durham, North Carolina, USA.

We build on social disorganization theory to formulate and test a hierarchical model of sex worker use among male Hispanic immigrants in the Durham, North Carolina area. The study considers both individual and neighborhood level dimensions of community organization as central factors affecting immigrants' exposure to sexual risks. At the individual level, we find support for the systemic model of community attachment, as time in the U.

Intergenerational fertility among Hispanic women: new evidence of immigrant assimilation.

In recent decades, rapid growth of the U.S. Hispanic population has raised concerns about immigrant adaptation, including fertility.

Religious attendance and mortality: implications for the black-white mortality crossover.

This study investigates the relationships among religious attendance, mortality, and the black-white mortality crossover. We build on prior research by examining the link between attendance and mortality while testing whether religious involvement captures an important source of population heterogeneity that contributes to a crossover Using data from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly, we find a strong negative association between attendance and mortality. Our results also show evidence of a racial crossover in mortality rates for both men and women.

Community-based participatory research with Latino community members: horizonte Latino.

As the demographic makeup of the United States undergoes rapid transformation, the importance of studying ethnic and cultural variations between and within population subgroups becomes increasingly clear. Researchers must challenge themselves to move beyond simply matching their methodology to the research question at hand and seek out methods that are compatible with the culture, language, traditions, and particular life circumstances of the cultural group under study. Community-based participatory research is collaborative and includes community members as participants in the research process, which ensures the cultural and community specificity of the research.

Migration and relationship power among Mexican women.

Our study drew on original data collected in Durham, NC, and four sending communities in Mexico to examine differences in women's relationship power that are associated with migration and residence in the United States. We analyzed the personal, relationship, and social resources that condition the association between migration and women's power and the usefulness of the Relationship Control Scale (RCS) for capturing these effects. We found support for perspectives that emphasize that migration may simultaneously mitigate and reinforce gender inequities.

Use of commercial sex workers among Hispanic migrants in North Carolina: implications for the spread of HIV.

Context: Rates of HIV and AIDS have risen among U.S. Hispanics and in migrant-sending regions of Mexico and Central America, pointing to a link between migration and HIV.