Int J Environ Res Public Health
October 2022
Aim: To analyze the costs of cancer drugs administered in a Portuguese Hospital compared with the Karolinska Institute study.
Methods: To evaluate spending on cancer drugs, we retrospectively analyzed data on the overall costs of cancer drugs, obtained at the Department of Medical Oncology of the Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga, between 2004 and 2010. In this comparative study we selected only drugs belonging to the following groups: chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and endocrine therapy.
Nowadays, the most efficient form of intravesical immunotherapy for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is the instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), proceeding from an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. In up to 40% of cases, its instillation is associated with significantly elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. In these cases, prostate biopsy should be withheld for 3 months and PSA should be monitored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Clear cell carcinoma accounts for 75% of all types of renal neoplasms. Approximately one third presents with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Immunohistochemical studies play a significant diagnostic role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe would like to present a case of the rare genetic skin disorder catalogued as AEC syndrome. This rare disorder was described in 1976 by Hay and Wells in seven individuals from four families, and it entails a complex polymalformative syndrome with an autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern and variable penetration. Descriptive explanation and facial and intraoral images of this rare disorder constituted the study design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop
September 2003
Dental impactions are one of the problems orthodontists see that will usually require surgery along with orthodontic treatment. In most cases, a single tooth is impacted, and a single surgical procedure is performed. We present a case of posttraumatic bilateral impaction of both maxillary central incisors with complete inversion after combined 2-step surgery and orthodontic treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF