Invasive Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae infection in an adult patient with acute community-acquired meningitis: a case report.

Rapid identification of pathogens in acute meningitis is critical for timely treatment. However, traditional methods often face limitations in differentiating closely related species such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae. We report a case of community-acquired meningitis caused by S.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Bacterial Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Madrid (Spain).

This study conducted in Madrid (Spain) between 2018 and 2023 shows a significant decrease in the pediatric bacterial community-acquired pneumonia cases during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a notable postpandemic increase surpassing prepandemic incidence. Streptococcus pneumoniae remains predominant, with an increasing prevalence of serotype 3, while Streptococcus pyogenes was the second most common pathogen.

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Use in a Case Series of Difficult-to-Treat or Recurrent Infections in Pediatric Patients with Complex Chronic Conditions: Effectiveness and Absence of Resistance Development.

The prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections, particularly carbapenem-resistant strains, has become a significant global health concern. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) has emerged as a promising treatment option. However, data on its efficacy and safety in children are scarce, necessitating further investigation.

Epidemiological changes in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection during the UK alert period: A molecular comparative analysis from a tertiary Spanish hospital in 2023.

Objectives: To study the genomic epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes causing bloodstream infections (GAS-BSI) in a Spanish tertiary hospital during the United Kingdom invasive S. pyogenes outbreak alert.

Methods: Retrospective epidemiological analysis of GAS-BSI during the January-May 2017-2023 period.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria causing bacteremia: A 13-year (2010-2022) retrospective study in a tertiary hospital.

Infections from anaerobic microorganisms result from breached mucosal barriers, posing a significant mortality risk. A retrospective study at Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid) from 2010 to 2022 analyzed 491 (6.17 %) anaerobic bacteremia cases out of 7956 significant bacteremia cases among 171,833 blood culture requests.

Are cerebrospinal fluid biochemical parameters valid to predict positive results in microbiological molecular diagnostic platforms? A 4-year experience with the FilmArray® Panel Meningitis/Encephalitis for detection of community-acquired bacterial meningitis.

Objective: To demonstrate whether the use of the FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel (M/E) in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis can be optimized based on the screening of cerebrospinal fluid biochemical parameters and whether there is a correlation between biochemical data and positive results of the technique.

Material And Methods: We used data from La Paz University Hospital between September 5, 2017 and December 1, 2021, from patients who had had the FilmArray® panel M/E performed on cerebrospinal fluid samples.

Results: Bacterial meningitis was suspected in 63.

Evaluation of MSP96, MBT Biotarget™ 96 and AnchorChip™ 600/96 MALDI-TOF MS target plates for direct identification of positive blood cultures.

The objective of the study was to compare the diagnostic performances of three Bruker MALDI-TOF MS target plates. A combination of two or three targets results in an increase of the identification percentage, especially in problem isolates as gram-positive cocci and yeast.

bacteremia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of bacteremia in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 adult patients during the pandemic period versus the previous two years. Also, we described the characteristics of both cohorts of patients in pandemic period to find differences.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study in our tertiary-care centre reviewing bacteremia episodes in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients through clinical records and the Microbiology Department database.

Intestinal loads of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase genes in critically ill pediatric patients.

Introduction: Intestinal colonization by Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms (MDROs) can pose a threat on the health of critically ill patients. The extent of colonization by these organisms is related to previous antibiotic treatments and their ability to cause infections among adult patients. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the intestinal Relative Loads (RLs) of selected antibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic consumption and extra-intestinal spread among critically ill pediatric patients.

Rapid antigen test for adenovirus in children: Age and onset of symptoms are important.

Introduction: Respiratory infection is the most common human adenovirus (HAdV) disease accounting for 7-8% of viral respiratory diseases in children less than 5 years. Differentiation of bacterial infections and viral infections is a common clinical problem.

Material And Methods: One hundred oropharyngeal swabs obtained from October 2019 to November 2020 from patients attending the paediatric emergency room with suspicion of upper respiratory tract infection and negative results in influenza and RSV tests were included.

Multicentre Surveillance of Species from Blood Cultures during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Southern Europe (CANCoVEU Project).

: Surveillance of species isolates from blood cultures (BCs) in Europe is considered fragmented, unable to allow the definition of targets of antifungal stewardship recommendations especially during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. : We performed a multicentric retrospective study including all consecutive BC isolates from six Southern European tertiary hospitals (1st January 2020 to 31st December 2021). Etiology, antifungal susceptibility patterns, and clinical setting were analyzed and compared.

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objectives: The aim was to compare the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 adult patients during the pandemic period versus the previous two years. Also, we described the characteristics of both cohorts of patients in pandemic period to find differences.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study in our tertiary-care centre reviewing S.

Intestinal Dominance by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients.

Pediatric liver transplantation (PLTx) is commonly associated with extensive antibiotic treatments that can produce gut microbiome alterations and open the way to dominance by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). In this study, the relationship between intestinal Relative Loads (RLs) of β-lactamase genes, antibiotic consumption, microbiome disruption, and the extraintestinal dissemination of MDROs among PLTx patients is investigated. 28 PLTx patients were included, from whom 169 rectal swabs were collected.

Molecular diagnosis of bacteremia in a pediatric intensive care unit: a step forward.

T2Bacteria Panel detects six ESKAPE pathogens in around 3.5 h directly in whole blood. Our aim was to compare T2Bacteria with simultaneous blood culture in critically ill children with suspected bloodstream infection.

Lower nasopharyngeal viral loads in pediatric population. The missing piece to understand SARS-CoV-2 infection in children?

SARS-CoV-2 virus infects children but, contrary to other respiratory viruses, children tend to be asymptomatic or to have less symptoms than adults and are rarely the index case in household transmission chains. The aim of this study was to compare the relative viral loads in nasopharyngeal samples from children aged 0 to 17 years with those of an adult population. We selected 126 positive nasopharyngeal samples from children.

Off-label use of T2Candida test in vitreous humor for diagnosing invasive candidiasis: a clinical report.

Here, we present a case of off-label successful use of the T2 MR (T2Candida test) for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis ( endolphthalmitis). This case demonstrates that T2Candida could be performed in sterile body fluids to improve microbiological diagnosis of invasive candidiasis.

Severity of bronchiolitis in infants is associated with their parents' tobacco habit.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tobacco smoke exposure among severely pediatric ICU patients. A prospective epidemiological observational study was conducted among children with bronchiolitis younger than 2 years of age admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Children's University Hospital La Paz during the October 2017 to March 2018 outbreak. On admission, parents were asked whether they smoked.

A New Application of MALDI Biotyper for a Potential Use in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole.

We present a proof-of-concept study on the use of MALDI Biotyper to detect and monitor the levels of voriconazole in human serum. A simple extraction-concentration method and a MALDI Biotyper protocol were developed, and a parent ion of voriconazole (1 H) could be detected and quantified with good reproducibility. Our results point to a new application of MALDI Biotyper for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Detection of Neisseria meningitidis in a patient receiving ravulizumab by the FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis panel- A case report.

The FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel detects the 14 most frequent pathogens causing meningitis and/or encephalitis. The use of FilmArray® ME is an alternative when culture-based methods are limited because an early antibiotic treatment. We describe the case of a 43-year-old woman receiving ravulizumab, a complement component C5 inhibitor, in whom the FilmArray® ME technique successfully identified Neisseria meningitidis in cerebrospinal fluid.

Candidemia Diagnosis With T2 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in a PICU: A New Approach.

Objectives: Early diagnosis of invasive Candida infections is a challenge for pediatricians, intensivists, and microbiologists. To fill this gap, a new nanodiagnostic method has been developed using manual application of T2 nuclear magnetic resonance to detect Candida species. The aim of this study was to evaluate, prospectively, the usefulness as a tool diagnosis of the T2Candida panel in pediatric patients admitted at the PICU compared with blood culture.

Epidemiology of bloodstream Candida species in a Spanish tertiary care hospital as a guide for implementation of T2MR (T2CANDIDA®) for rapid diagnosis of candidemia.

Unlabelled: The aim of this work was to study the epidemiology of candidemia in our hospital in order to determine whether the T2MR system might be a useful tool for early diagnosis of candidemia in selected units. We perform a retrospective review of all candidemia episodes registered in the last 12 years in selected units of our hospital in adult and pediatric patients. Candida species and antifungal susceptibility patterns were registered.