Diabetes Downregulates Allergen-Induced Airway Inflammation in Mice.

Previous studies described that allergic diseases, including asthma, occur less often than expected in patients with type 1 diabetes. Here, we investigated the influence of diabetes on allergic airway inflammation in a model of experimental asthma in mice. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan into 12 h-fasted A/J mice, followed by subcutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)), on days 5 and 19 after diabetes induction.

Alcoholic monoterpenes found in essential oil of aromatic spices reduce allergic inflammation by the modulation of inflammatory cytokines.

Allergic inflammation is a response of the body against pathogens by cytokine release and leucocyte recruitment. Recently, there was an increase in morbimortality associated with allergic inflammation, especially asthma. The treatment has many adverse effects, requiring the search for new therapies.

Isopropoxy-carvacrol, a derivative obtained from carvacrol, reduces acute inflammation and nociception in rodents.

Monoterpenes, compounds mainly presented in essential oils, have important pharmacological actions. Isopropoxy-carvacrol (IPC) is a derivative of the monoterpene carvacrol, and its pharmacological properties have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyse the acute anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of IPC.

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carvacrol propionate.

This study aimed at synthesizing the carvacrol propionate (CP) and evaluating its pharmacological profile. CP was obtained from carvacrol and propionyl chloride through an esterification reaction. Male Swiss mice were treated with CP (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg).

Potentiated anti-inflammatory effect of combined 780 nm and 660 nm low level laser therapy on the experimental laryngitis.

Reflux laryngitis is a common clinic complication of nasogastric intubation (NSGI). Since there is no report concerning the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on reflux laryngitis, this study aimed to analyze the protective effect of single and combined therapies with low level laser at the doses of 2.1J and 2.

α-terpineol reduces mechanical hypernociception and inflammatory response.

α-Terpineol (TPN), a volatile monoterpene alcohol, is relatively non-toxic and one of the major components of the essential oils of various plant species. In this study, we tested for the antihypernociceptive activity of TPN (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg, i.p.

Citronellol, a monoterpene alcohol, reduces nociceptive and inflammatory activities in rodents.

We describe the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of citronellol (CT) in rodents. CT, a monoterpene alcohol, is a naturally occurring monoterpene compound prevalent in essential oils of various aromatic plant species, such as Cymbopogon citratus. In mice, when evaluated against acetic-acid-induced abdominal writhing, CT (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, i.

Carvacrol attenuates mechanical hypernociception and inflammatory response.

Carvacrol is a phenolic monoterpene present in the essential oil of the family Lamiaceae, as in the genera Origanum and Thymus. We previously reported that carvacrol is effective as an analgesic compound in various nociceptive models, probably by inhibition of peripheral mediators that could be related with its strong antioxidant effect observed in vitro. In this study, the anti-hypernociceptive activity of carvacrol was tested in mice through models of mechanical hypernociception induced by carrageenan, and the involvement of important mediators of its signaling cascade, as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and dopamine, were assessed.

Inhibition of advanced glycation end products by aminoguanidine restores mast cell numbers and reactivity in alloxan-diabetic rats.

Mast cell number and reactivity have been shown to be down-regulated under diabetic conditions. This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of the advanced glycation end products in the reduction of mast cell number and reactivity in diabetic rats. The effect of aminoguanidine on mast cell apoptosis was also evaluated.

Suppression of allergic inflammatory response in the skin of alloxan-diabetic rats: relationship with reduced local mast cell numbers.

Background: Diabetic patients are refractory to allergic inflammatory diseases. In this study, the influence of alloxan-induced diabetes on allergic skin inflammation was investigated.

Methods: Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan into male Wistar rats, and the analyses were performed 21 days later.

Aldose reductase inhibitor zopolrestat restores allergic hyporesponsiveness in alloxan-diabetic rats.

This study was undertaken to investigate the role of the aldose reductase in the refractoriness of diabetic rats to allergic inflammation. Wistar rats were actively sensitized with a mixture of Al(OH)3 plus ovalbumin and intrapleurally challenged with ovalbumin, 14 days later. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan into fasted rats, 7 days before sensitization, and the aldose reductase inhibitor zopolrestat was administered after 3 days of diabetes induction, once a day during 18 consecutive days.

High levels of filamentous actin and apoptosis correlate with mast cell refractoriness under alloxan-evoked diabetes.

Mast cell number and reactivity were shown to be down-regulated under diabetic conditions. Since the balance between globular and filamentous actin plays a pivotal role in the activity of secretory cells, we investigated whether an imbalance in that system could underlie the hyporesponsiveness of mast cells in diabetes. The apoptotic state was also evaluated.

Mast cell changes in experimental diabetes: focus on attenuation of allergic events.

The prevalence of atopic diseases and diabetes is increasing worldwide though the concurrence of these pathologies in individual patients is found less frequent than it would be predicted. Moreover, co-existence of diabetes and allergy is generally marked by attenuation of their respective symptoms, and effective treatment of one disease exacerbates the other. This review gives an update of the state-of-the-art concerning the intercurrence of allergy and diabetes, particularly focusing on the consequences to the allergen-evoked vascular and cellular changes.

Increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate contribute to the hyporesponsiveness of mast cells in alloxan diabetes.

In this study, we investigated the influence of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) changes on the rat mast cell hyporesponsiveness following immunological and non-immunological stimuli. Compared with mast cells from normal rats, those recovered from 21-day diabetic animals showed a significant augmentation in the intracellular levels of cAMP, in directly correlated with secretion of lower amounts of histamine after stimulation with antigen, bradykinin and compound 48/80 in vitro. Incubation of normal mast cells with selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE 4) rolipram, NCS 613 and RP 73401, or the cell permeable analogue N6-2'-O-dibutyryladenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (db cAMP), led to a decrease of histamine secretion in vitro.

Systemic anaphylaxis is prevented in alloxan-diabetic rats by a mechanism dependent on glucocorticoids.

This study was undertaken to examine whether glucocorticoids could be implicated in the hyporesponsiveness of diabetic rats to systemic anaphylaxis. Rats were actively sensitized with a mixture of Al(OH)(3) plus ovalbumin and challenged i.v.