Classic Kaposi's sarcoma treated with topical rapamycin.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disorder caused by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Current research efforts have focused on the study of the relative role of KSHV-encoded genes in Kaposi's sarcomagenesis in order to identify novel mechanism-based therapies for patients suffering from this tumor. Although several viral genes have potential for KS pathogenesis, compelling data point to the KSHV-encoded G protein-coupled receptor (vGPCR) as a leading candidate viral gene for the initiation of KS.

Necrobiosis lipoidica.

Background: Necrobiosis lipoidica presents with a distinctive appearance making it an important clinical diagnosis.

Objective: To describe a case of necrobiosis lipoidica in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and to discuss differential diagnoses and management.

Discussion: Necrobiosis lipoidica is most commonly found on the shins, presenting as a well-defined plaque.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a multicenter review of 355 patients.

Background: To our knowledge, there are no large multicenter studies concerning frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) that could give clues about its pathogenesis and best treatment.

Objective: We sought to describe the epidemiology, comorbidities, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and therapeutic choices in a large series of patients with FFA.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients given the diagnosis of FFA.

Patchy hair loss on the pubis--a case study.

A female, aged 17 years and with a history of anorexia nervosa, presented with a 3 month history of a large, irregular area of hair loss over the pubis. Physical examination revealed scattered short hairs of varying length, follicular hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation throughout the area of alopecia (Figure 1a). A magnified view revealed decreased hair density, broken hairs with different shaft lengths, short vellous hairs and signs of recent haemorrhage (Figure 1b).

Congenital plaque-like glomangioma treated successfully with dual wavelength pulsed-dye and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser.

Glomovenous malformations are disseminated variants of cutaneous glomus tumors. These malformations are subdivided into regional or localized, disseminated, and congenital plaque-like forms. The congenital plaque-like form is the rarest variant.

Perforating dermatosis in a patient receiving azathioprine.

Azathioprine (AZA) is an imidazole derivative of mercaptopurine. It antagonizes purine metabolism, and it may inhibit synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The 6-thioguanine nucleotides appear to mediate the majority of AZAs immunosuppressive and toxic effects.

Successful treatment of venous malformation located on glans penis with dual-wavelength 595- and 1064-nm laser system.

The management of venous malformation (VM) located on genitalia is complex and challenging. Surgical excision and sclerotherapy are the first-lines therapeutic options, but in certain areas such as the genitalia can be too aggressive. We present a case of VM on the glans penis treated successfully with dual wavelength 595 and 1064 nm laser system.

Resistant itchy lesions in a young man.

Case study A man, 18 years of age, presented with a 6-month history of a widespread itchy rash, more intense at night, which had appeared 1 month after returning from a holiday to the Dominican Republic. The rash initially appeared as white patches affecting the fingers. The patient reported unprotected heterosexual intercourse while on holiday.

Skin rash associated with limb weakness.

Case study A man, 77 years of age, presented with haematemesis, abdominal pain and increasing limb weakness. He also had a skin rash on his chest and face.

Multiple penile lesions - a case study.

A man, 34 years of age, presented with a 4 day history of painless ulcerative lesions on his penis.

Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma on the face treated using vascular laser.

A congenital smooth muscle hamartoma is a rare, benign proliferation of smooth muscle bundles in the dermis that is usually diagnosed in the neonatal period or infancy. Surgical excision is the first-line therapeutic option, but in certain areas such as the face, surgery may be too aggressive, and different treatments should be considered. We present the case of a congenital smooth muscle hamartoma on the face treated using pulsed dye laser with good response.

Spiky keratotic projections on the palms and fingers. Spiny keratoderma.

Spiny keratoderma is an infrequent dermatosis consisting of multiple projections located on the palms and soles, with the distinct histopathology feature of a parakeratotic column above a hypogranular epidermis. This entity has been reported under several different names, such as punctate porokeratotic keratoderma, punctate keratoderma, palmar filiform hyperkeratosis, and spiny keratoderma of the palms and soles. Most of the cases described are acquired, although there are also familial cases.

Lesions on tattooed skin--a case study.

A man, 33 years of age, presented complaining of asymptomatic lumps on the tattooed skin of his right upper arm. The lumps appeared spontaneously 5 months after getting the tattoo. He had no significant past medical or surgical history.

Letter: Neutrophilic eccrine hidroadenitis with atypical findings.

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) was originally described as a distinctive dermatosis occurring in patients undergoing chemotherapy, especially associated with the use of cytarabine in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). This disorder is characterized by a neutrophilic infiltrate around the eccrine glands and coils and is associated with necrosis. However, atypical findings in the histology have been reported.