European validation of an image-derived AI-based short-term risk model for individualized breast cancer screening-a nested case-control study.

Background: Image-derived artificial intelligence (AI)-based risk models for breast cancer have shown high discriminatory performances compared with clinical risk models based on family history and lifestyle factors. However, little is known about their generalizability across European screening settings. We therefore investigated the discriminatory performances of an AI-based risk model in European screening settings.

Comparative genome analysis of isolated from domestic pigs and wild boars suggests host adaptation and selective pressure from the use of antibiotics.

The disease erysipelas caused by (ER) is a major concern in pig production. In the present study the genomes of ER from pigs (=87), wild boars (=71) and other sources (=85) were compared in terms of whole-genome SNP variation, accessory genome content and the presence of genetic antibiotic resistance determinants. The aim was to investigate if genetic features among ER were associated with isolate origin in order to better estimate the risk of transmission of porcine-adapted strains from wild boars to free-range pigs and to increase our understanding of the evolution of ER.

Genetic Diversity and Signatures of Selection in a Native Italian Horse Breed Based on SNP Data.

Horses are nowadays mainly used for sport and leisure activities, and several local breeds, traditionally used in agriculture, have been exposed to a dramatic loss in population size and genetic diversity. The loss of genetic diversity negatively impacts individual fitness and reduces the potential long-term survivability of a breed. Recent advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics have allowed researchers to explore biodiversity one step further.

Factors Affecting Sentinel Node Metastasis in Thin (T1) Cutaneous Melanomas: Development and External Validation of a Predictive Nomogram.

Purpose: Thin melanomas (T1; ≤ 1 mm) constitute 70% of newly diagnosed cutaneous melanomas. Regional node metastasis determined by sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is an important prognostic factor for T1 melanoma. However, current melanoma guidelines do not provide clear indications on when to perform SNB in T1 disease and stress an individualized approach to SNB that considers all clinicopathologic risk factors.

Cardiac implantable electrical devices in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: single center implant data extracted from the Swedish pacemaker and ICD registry.

To investigate cardiac implantable electrical device (CIED) first implants in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in a Swedish tertiary university hospital. Clinical and technical data on pacemaker, implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) first implants performed in HCM patients at the Karolinska University Hospital from 2005 to 2016 were extracted from the Swedish Pacemaker and ICD Registry. Echocardiographic data were obtained by review of hospital recordings.

Antiviral Activity of Tannic Acid Modified Silver Nanoparticles: Potential to Activate Immune Response in Herpes Genitalis.

(1) Background: Tannic acid is a plant-derived polyphenol showing antiviral activity mainly because of an interference with the viral adsorption. In this work, we tested whether the modification of silver nanoparticles with tannic acid (TA-AgNPs) can provide a microbicide with additional adjuvant properties to treat genital herpes infection. (2) Methods: The mouse model of the vaginal herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection was used to test immune responses after treatment of the primary infection with TA-AgNPs, and later, after a re-challenge with the virus.

Heterogeneity of gestational diabetes (GDM) and challenges in developing a GDM risk score.

Aims: Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects a growing number of women and identification of individuals at risk, e.g., with risk prediction models, would be important.

Heterogeneity of gestational diabetes (GDM) and long-term risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome: findings from the RADIEL study follow-up.

Aims: To assess the metabolic health of obese and non-obese women at high GDM risk 5 years postpartum.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the 5-year follow-up of the RADIEL GDM prevention study including 333 women at high GDM risk (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m and/or previous GDM). Five years postpartum metabolic health was assessed including anthropometric measurements, oral glucose tolerance test, lipid metabolism, and body composition as well as medical history questionnaires.

Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Left Atrial Size and Function as Expressed by Speckle Tracking 2-Dimensional Strain.

Changes in left atrial (LA) strain in patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remain not entirely explored. We prospectively evaluated long-term changes in LA size and function and their relation with left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and noninvasive hemodynamic variables in patients treated with CRT by 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Thirty patients (62 ± 11 years, 63% men) underwent 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography before implant and after 12 months.

Intracranial aneurysm risk locus 5q23.2 is associated with elevated systolic blood pressure.

Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of complex trait loci, the pathomechanisms of most remain elusive. Studying the genetics of risk factors predisposing to disease is an attractive approach to identify targets for functional studies. Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are rupture-prone pouches at cerebral artery branching sites.

CD4 cell-monitored treatment interruption in patients with a CD4 cell count > 500 x 106 cells/l.

Background: Little is known about CD4 cell count changes in patients with high CD4 cell counts who interrupt antiretroviral therapy, especially in those with a nadir of 250-350 x 10 cells/l.

Methods: Data derived from 139 patients from seven prospective cohorts who had > 12 months highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), CD4 cell count nadir of > 250 x 10 cells/l and at pre-interruption of > 500 x 10 cells/l. Endpoint was time to CD4 cell count < 350 x 10 cells/l or reinitiation of treatment.