Systemic oxidative stress in children with cystic fibrosis with bacterial infection including Pseudomonas Aeruginosa.

Introduction: Oxidative stress (OS) occurs in cystic fibrosis (CF).

Objective: The objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of bacterial infection on biomarkers of OS (catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidade [GPx], reduced glutathione [GSH]), markers of oxidative damage (protein carbonyls [PC], thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]), together with the nutritional status and lung function in children with CF.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including CF group (CFG, n = 55) and control group (CG, n = 31), median age: 3.

The relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with clinical variables in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Background & Aims: The relationship between vitamin D and oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in patients with OD and to verify its association to nutritional status, functional independence measure (FIM), time of clinical signs (TCS) and OD severity. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with outpatients.

Relationships between high comorbidity index and nutritional parameters in patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia.

Background & Aims: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and comorbidities can exert an influence on nutritional status and contribute to mortality. The aim of the present study was to examine relationships between high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores and OD outcomes, including OD severity, feeding route, nutritional status and one-year mortality rate in adults and elderly individuals.

Methods: A longitudinal study, whose the final sample comprised 110 patients with OD and 75 of whom were evaluated for one-year mortality outcome.

Relationship between oropharyngeal dysphagia, nutritional status, antioxidant vitamins and the inflammatory response in adults and elderly: A cross-sectional study.

Background & Aim: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) can lead to a deficiency of antioxidant micronutrients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between OD and nutritional status, antioxidant vitamins (β-carotene, vitamin E and C) and serum markers of the inflammatory response [C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6] in adults and elderly.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 69 individuals: 22 in the control group (CG) and 47 in the OD group (ODG).

Effect of RYGB on Oxidative Stress in Adults: a 6-Year Follow-up Study.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is effective for weight loss but may have long-term effects on markers of oxidative stress (OS). The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery with RYGB on OS blood markers in a 72-month period after surgery.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 20 patients before and after RYGB (months M0, M6, M12, M24, and M72) compared with a control group of 35 adults assessed only once.

Altered intestinal microbiota composition, antibiotic therapy and intestinal inflammation in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cystic fibrosis and antibiotic therapy on intestinal microbiota composition and intestinal inflammation in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional controlled study was conducted with 36 children and adolescents: 19 in the cystic fibrosis group (CFG) and 17 in the control group (CG) matched for age and sex. The CFG was subdivided based on the use of antibiotic therapy (CFAB group) and non-use of antibiotic therapy (CFnAB group).

ASSOCIATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH LUNG FUNCTION AND MORBIDITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A 36-MONTH COHORT STUDY.

Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional status, lung function and morbidity in a 36-month cohort in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

Methods: Prospective cohort of children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis aged 1-15 years. At the baseline, the nutritional status was determined by weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age for children <2 years and ≥2 years, respectively, and classified as: nutritional failure, nutritional risk and acceptable; and by the 50th percentile, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts.

Effect of synbiotic supplementation in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background/objectives: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by excessive activation of immune processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotic supplementation on the inflammatory response in children/adolescents with CF.

Subjects/methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical-trial was conducted with control group (CG, n = 17), placebo-CF-group (PCFG, n = 19), synbiotic CF-group (SCFG, n = 22), PCFG negative (n = 8) and positive (n = 11) bacteriology, and SCFG negative (n = 12) and positive (n = 10) bacteriology.

C-reactive protein/albumin ratio is associated with lung function among children/adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a three-year longitudinal study.

Background: Chronic lung infections, inflammation and depletion of nutritional status are considered to be prognostic indicators of morbidity in patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between inflammatory markers and lung function, nutritional status and morbidity among children/adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

Design And Settings: Prospective three-year longitudinal study conducted in an outpatient clinic in southern Brazil.

Associations Between Caries Experience, Nutritional Status, Oral Hygiene, and Diet in a Multigenerational Cohort.

Purpose: To assess intergenerational associations between dental caries and nutritional status, oral hygiene habits, and diet.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with three generations of 54 families. Inclusion criteria were senior citizens with an adult son/daughter who also had a child (five to 12 years old).

Nutrition Status Parameters and Hydration Status by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis Were Associated With Lung Function Impairment in Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: (1) To compare nutrition and hydration status between a group of children/adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CFG; n = 46; median age, 8.5 years) and a control group without cystic fibrosis (CG). (2) To examine the association of nutrition and hydration status with lung function in the CFG.

Persistence of the benefit of an antioxidant therapy in children and teenagers with Down syndrome.

This study examined the effect of an antioxidant intervention in biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in the blood of Down syndrome (DS) children and teenagers during four different stages. A control group was composed by healthy children (n=18), assessed once, and a Down group composed by DS patients (n=21) assessed at the basal period (t0), as well as after 6 months of antioxidant supplementation (t1), after 12 months (after interruption of the antioxidant intervention for 6 months) (t2), and again after further 6 months of antioxidant supplementation (t3). Biomarkers of inflammation (myeloperoxidase activity - MPO and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α) and OS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS, protein carbonyls - PC), reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA) and vitamin E levels, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities, were measured after each period.

Perceived purchase of healthy foods is associated with regular consumption of fruits and vegetables.

Objective: To identify healthy food (HF) purchase habits and intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) in parents responsible for grocery shopping for their families.

Methods: Survey with mothers and fathers (n = 216) of children aged 7-10 years in Brazil.

Results: Grocery purchases occurred mostly at supermarkets.

Influence of inflammatory response, infection, and pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis.

Aims: Recurrent infections and activation of the inflammatory response affect the prognosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). We investigated the relationship between inflammatory response, infection, and pulmonary function in CF.

Main Methods: A clinical-cross-sectional study was conducted with 86 subjects: control group (CG, n=31, the same age and sex of the CF group), and CF group (CFG, n=55, age: 1-16 years), further distributed into CFG negative or positive bacteriology (CFGB(-)/CFGB(+)), and CFG negative or positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CFGPa(-)/CFGPa(+)).

Eating disorders in childhood and adolescence.

Objective: To discuss eating disorders in children and adolescents regarding their characteristics and risk factors.

Data Sources: Articles were searched in the PubMed and ScieLO databases, combining the terms 'children', 'adolescents', 'eating behavior', 'eating disorder', 'bulimia', and 'anorexia', both in Portuguese and in English. Studies published between 2007 and 2011 were retrieved and 49 articles that assessed eating behavior and disorders, nervous anorexia and bulimia, and non-specific eating disorders were selected.

Oxidative stress markers in adults 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease associated with oxidative stress. Bariatric surgery for the treatment of obesity may affect biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on blood markers of oxidative stress, such as vitamins C and E, β-carotene, reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS).

Public intervention in food and nutrition in Brazil.

In the last twenty years, the Brazilian government has created a number of income transfer programs for the poorest portion of the population to promote food and nutrition security and eradicate extreme poverty, hunger and malnutrition. These programs have achieved satisfactory results, which cannot, however, be attributed solely to the transference of income, as they involve other governmental public policies in health, education and basic sanitation, Combined, the aim of such public policies is to break patterns of the poverty across generations, thereby contributing to human development in the country.

Relation between oral health and nutritional condition in the elderly.

Unlabelled: Oral health is a prerequisite for a good chewing function, which may have an impact on food choices and nutritional well-being.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between oral health status and nutritional status in the elderly.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 33 elderly people from the Group for the Elderly Interdisciplinary Geriatrics and Gerontology Program, at Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil, completed a questionnaire to collect information on socioeconomic status, eating habits, physical activity and health habits, undertook a clinical oral examination, blood test, and anthropometric measurements, and were allocated into groups according to age.

Influence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on vitamin C, myeloperoxidase, and oral clinical manifestations: a 2-year follow-up study.

Background: Bariatric surgery influences the intake and absorption of nutrients, which, when associated with vomiting, can damage the oral cavity. The serum concentrations of vitamin C and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and oral clinical manifestations were examined in patients 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Methods: Clinical prospective study with control group (CG; n = 26), assessed only once, and the bariatric group (BG; n = 26), assessed in the basal period and at 12 and 24 months after surgery.

Dietary adherence to long-term controlled feeding in a calorie-restriction study in overweight men and women.

Background: The success of clinical dietary interventions depends on the motivation and willingness of study participants to adhere to the prescribed or provided diet. The aim of this study was to assess participants' adherence to their provided diet over the 6-month duration of the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE).

Methods: Investigators assessed the dietary adherence of 46 men and women who completed the first phase of the CALERIE trial.

Roux-en-Y bypass gastroplasty: markers of oxidative stress 6 months after surgery.

Background: This study examined the effect of weight loss on energy intake, vitamin C, E, beta-carotene (diet/blood), reduced glutathione (GSH), C-reactive protein (CRP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase, and myeloperoxidase, in patients with Roux-en-Y bypass gastroplasty.

Methods: Prospective clinical study with control (C) and bariatric (B) groups (n = 20 each). Age was 38.

[Relation between anthropometric indicators and risk factors for cardiovascular disease].

Background: Studies have been carried out to identify the best anthropometric predictor of chronic diseases in different populations.

Objective: To verify the relation between anthropometric measures and risk factors (lipid profile and blood pressure) for cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: Transversal study carried out with 180 males and 120 females, with mean age 39.

Impact of 6-month caloric restriction on autonomic nervous system activity in healthy, overweight, individuals.

Caloric restriction (CR) increases maximum lifespan but the mechanisms are unclear. Dominance of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) over the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) has been shown to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Obesity and aging are associated with increased SNS activity, and weight loss and/or exercise seem to have positive effects on this balance.

Oral health and nutritional status of semi-institutionalized persons with mental retardation in Brazil.

Association between oral health status and nutritional status was investigated in 200 semi-institutionalized persons with mental retardation aged 5-53 years, 45.5% female, in the cities of Florianópolis and São José, province of Santa Catarina, Brazil. In this cross-sectional study, clinical-odontological examination revealed a high percentage of individuals (68%) with heavily compromised dentition.

Proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with periodontal disease.

Objective: To evaluate the involvement of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in gingival tissue in individuals with chronic periodontitis.

Subject And Methods: Eighteen subjects were divided in two groups: experimental (age 52.9+/-5.