The Impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Intervention on Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles among Metabolic Syndrome Patients: Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with alterations of lipoprotein structure and function that can be characterized with advanced lipoprotein testing (ADLT). The effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and weight loss on the lipoprotein subclass profile has been scarcely studied. Within the PREDIMED-Plus randomized controlled trial, a sub-study conducted at Bellvitge Hospital recruiting center evaluated the effects of a weight loss program based on an energy-reduced MedDiet (er-MedDiet) and physical activity (PA) promotion (intervention group) compared with energy-unrestricted MedDiet recommendations (control group) on ADLT-assessed lipoprotein subclasses.

Dysfunctional antioxidant capacity of high-density lipoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) presents atheroprotective functions not readily reflected by plasma HDL-cholesterol levels. The aim of this study was to investigate HDL antioxidant function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: This pilot and cross-sectional study included 50 RA patients and 50 controls matched by age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and drug therapy.

Polygenic Risk of Hypertriglyceridemia Is Modified by BMI.

Background: Genetic risk scores (GRSs) have partially improved the understanding of the etiology of moderate hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), which until recently was mainly assessed by secondary predisposing causes. The main objective of this study was to assess whether this variability is due to the interaction between clinical variables and GRS. Methods: We analyzed 276 patients with suspected polygenic HTG.

Are Peripheral Biomarkers Determinants of Eating Styles in Childhood and Adolescence Obesity? A Cross-Sectional Study.

Disturbances in eating behaviors have been widely related to obesity. However, little is known about the role of obesity-related biomarkers in shaping habitual patterns of eating behaviors (i.e.

Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Common Hypertriglyceridemia Genetic Variants in Patients with Systemic Erythematosus Lupus.

SLE is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis to analyze its relationship with dyslipidemia and related genetic factors in a population of patients with SLE. Seventy-one SLE female patients were recruited.

Implication between Genetic Variants from APOA5 and ZPR1 and NAFLD Severity in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia.

Background: Lipid metabolism disorders, especially hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), are risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the association between genetic factors related to HTG and the risk of NAFLD has been scarcely studied.

Methods: A total of 185 subjects with moderate HTG were prospectively included.

Remnant Cholesterol, Not LDL Cholesterol, Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Genetic, observational, and clinical intervention studies indicate that circulating levels of triglycerides and cholesterol transported in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (remnant cholesterol) can predict cardiovascular events.

Objectives: This study evaluated the association of triglycerides and remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) with major cardiovascular events in a cohort of older individuals at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: This study determined the baseline lipid profile and searched for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in the high-risk primary prevention PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial population (mean age: 67 years; body mass index: 30 kg/m; 43% men; 48% with diabetes) after a median follow-up of 4.

Relationship of visceral adipose tissue with surrogate insulin resistance and liver markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome chronic complications.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has a hazardous influence on systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and an adverse metabolic profile, which increases the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic complications of diabetes. In our study we aimed to evaluate the association of VAT and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) as a proxy of insulin resistance surrogated with metabolic and liver risk factors among subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including 326 participants with MetS (55-75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study.

Peripheral Maintenance of the Axis SIRT1-SIRT3 at Youth Level May Contribute to Brain Resilience in Middle-Aged Amateur Rugby Players.

Physical exercise performed regularly is known to improve health and to reduce the risk of age-related diseases. Furthermore, there is some evidence of cognitive improvement in physically active middle-aged and older adults. We hypothesized that long-term physically active middle-aged men may have developed brain resilience that can be detected with the analysis of peripheral blood markers.

Risk factors differentially associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in males and females with metabolic syndrome.

Background And Aims: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in western countries. This study aimed to investigate putative risk factors differentially related with NAFLD in obese males and females diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS), stratified using the non-invasive hepatic steatosis index (HSI).

Methods And Results: a cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED Plus study was performed of 278 participants with MetS (141 males and 137 females) of the Navarra-Nutrition node.

Carbohydrate quality changes and concurrent changes in cardiovascular risk factors: a longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus randomized trial.

Background: Overall quality of dietary carbohydrate intake rather than total carbohydrate intake may determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Objective: We examined 6- and 12-mo changes in carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and concurrent changes in several CVD risk factors in a multicenter, randomized, primary-prevention trial (PREDIMED-Plus) based on an intensive weight-loss lifestyle intervention program.

Methods: Prospective analysis of 5373 overweight/obese Spanish adults (aged 55-75 y) with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Influence of lifestyle factors and staple foods from the Mediterranean diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among older individuals with metabolic syndrome features.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver morbidity. This condition often is accompanied by obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the connection between lifestyle factors and NAFLD in individuals with MetS.

Association between dairy product consumption and hyperuricemia in an elderly population with metabolic syndrome.

Background And Aims: The prevalence of hyperuricemia has increased substantially in recent decades. It has been suggested that it is an independent risk factor for weight gain, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular disease. Results from epidemiological studies conducted in different study populations have suggested that high consumption of dairy products is associated with a lower risk of developing hyperuricemia.

Effect of a Nutritional and Behavioral Intervention on Energy-Reduced Mediterranean Diet Adherence Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Interim Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: High-quality dietary patterns may help prevent chronic disease, but limited data exist from randomized trials about the effects of nutritional and behavioral interventions on dietary changes.

Objective: To assess the effect of a nutritional and physical activity education program on dietary quality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Preliminary exploratory interim analysis of an ongoing randomized trial.

Mortality and compliance with secondary prevention goals of ischaemic heart disease in patients ≥70 years: observational study.

Introduction And Objectives: The benefit of secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease in terms of mortality in people of advanced age has not been well demonstrated. In this study we analyse the relationship of all-cause mortality with meeting the objectives of secondary prevention of ischaemic heart disease in elderly patients.

Methods: An observational study of a sample of 106 patients ≥70 with a history of acute coronary syndrome in the previous year.

Cross-sectional association between non-soy legume consumption, serum uric acid and hyperuricemia: the PREDIMED-Plus study.

Purpose: To assess the association between the consumption of non-soy legumes and different subtypes of non-soy legumes and serum uric acid (SUA) or hyperuricemia in elderly individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus study. We included 6329 participants with information on non-soy legume consumption and SUA levels.

A Mediterranean Diet Rich in Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Older Individuals at High Cardiovascular Risk.

Background: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is thought to reduce liver steatosis.

Objectives: To explore the associations with liver steatosis of 3 different diets: a MedDiet + extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), MedDiet + nuts, or a control diet.

Methods: This was a subgroup analysis nested within a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial, PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED trial: ISRCTN35739639), aimed at assessing the effect of a MedDiet on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Fluid and total water intake in a senior mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk: demographic and lifestyle determinants in the PREDIMED-Plus study.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate associations between compliance with recommendations for total water intake (TWI) and total water intake from fluids (TWIF), and some socio-demographic and lifestyle factors of a senior Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis with data of 1902 participants from the PREDIMED-Plus study. A validated 32-item Spanish fluid-intake questionnaire was used to assess beverage consumption and water intake.

Association of lifestyle factors and inflammation with sarcopenic obesity: data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial.

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Muscle wasting is often accompanied by an increase in body fat, leading to 'sarcopenic obesity'. The aim of the present study was to analyse the association of lifestyle variables such as diet, dietary components, physical activity (PA), body composition, and inflammatory markers, with the risk of sarcopenic obesity.

Sleep Duration is Inversely Associated with Serum Uric Acid Concentrations and Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio in an Elderly Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk.

The aim of the study was to evaluate sleep duration and sleep variability in relation to serum uric acid (SUA) concentrations and SUA to creatinine ratio. This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 1842 elderly participants with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndromein the (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) PREDIMED-Plus trial. Accelerometry-derived sleep duration and sleep variability were measured.

Associations between self-reported periodontal disease, assessed using a very short questionnaire, cardiovascular disease events and all-cause mortality in a contemporary multi-ethnic population: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Background And Aims: Periodontal disease (PD) is believed to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Nevertheless, the additive prognostic value of PD for the prediction of CVD events beyond traditional risk factors is unclear, particularly when self-reported using a short questionnaire.

Methods: In the community-based, multicenter, prospective, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), PD was assessed at baseline using a two-item questionnaire.

Secondary prevention programme of ischaemic heart disease in the elderly: A randomised clinical trial.

Background Elderly patients have been underrepresented in secondary cardiovascular prevention programmes. This study aimed to ascertain the effects of a secondary coronary disease prevention programme in these patients. Design Open randomised intervention study with parallel groups.