Publications by authors named "Emil Fosbol"
Background: Sparse information regarding the long-term risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) following a transient ischemic attack (TIA) emphasizes further research to guide preventive strategies and risk stratification in patients with a TIA.
Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study to investigate the 5-year risk of MI and all-cause mortality in patients with a first-time TIA. Patients with a first-time TIA were identified in the Danish Stroke Registry (2013-2020), matched on age, sex, and calendar year (1:4) with the general population and (1:1) with patients with first-time ischemic stroke.
Background: Survival after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has markedly increased. Thus, other comorbidities will intersect patient trajectories and challenge follow-up.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe patient characteristics and hospitalizations at end of life to further improve the quality of life for patients undergoing TAVR.
Purpose: Bacteremia is a well-known complication to surgery and may result in infective endocarditis (IE). Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) may give rise to bacteremia, but the associated risk of IE is not well described. We aimed to examine risk of infective endocarditis following TUR-P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Little is known about long-term outcomes beyond survival following acute aortic dissection. The aim of this research was to evaluate rates of home care initiation and nursing home admission during the first year after discharge and to assess factors associated with these needs.
Methods: All patients in Denmark with a first-time diagnosis of acute aortic dissection type A or B between 2006 and 2015 were identified using national registries.
Background: There is a paucity of data on the prognostic impact of thyroid dysfunction in patients with heart failure (HF). We aimed to examine the association between these 2 conditions in a nationwide cohort of patients with HF.
Methods: This Danish cohort study evaluated the thyroid function of patients diagnosed with first-time HF from 2000-2021.
Aims: Although certain autoimmune diseases (AIDs) have been associated with an increased rate of heart failure (HF), data on the long-term rate of HF across the spectrum of AIDs are lacking. We investigated the long-term rate of HF in individuals with a history of 28 different AIDs.
Methods And Results: Individuals diagnosed with an AID (2000-2021) were identified through Danish nationwide registries.
Article Synopsis
- * A study utilizing Danish registries analyzed 4,748 patients with infective endocarditis before and after the POET trial publication, examining changes in hospital length of stay (LOS) and outcomes like mortality and relapse of bacteremia.
- * Results showed a significant decrease in median LOS by 8 days post-POET publication, with no significant change in mortality rates but a notable reduction in relapse of bacteremia from 3.5% to 1.6%.
Background And Objectives: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is associated with a higher short-term incidence of stroke. However, long-term data on this association are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the long-term incidence of ischemic stroke after TIA according to ABCD score and to identify factors associated with stroke after TIA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmyloidosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs, and often presents with cardiac involvement, with 2 primary underlying pathologies: amyloid light chain- and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Chest pain can occur in both types with variable clinical presentations. This narrative review describes the relationship between cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and chest pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with heart failure (HF). However, it is unclear if postoperative AF (POAF) following non-cardiac surgery differs from non-surgical AF in terms of the risk of HF. We compared the long-term rate of incident HF in patients developing new-onset POAF following non-cardiac surgery with patients who did not develop POAF following non-cardiac surgery and patients with non-surgical non-valvular AF (NVAF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Iron deficiency (ID) is prevalent in chronic heart failure (HF) but lacks a consensus definition. This study evaluates the prevalence and the prognostic impact of ID using different criteria on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as well as first hospitalization for HF in patients with new-onset chronic HF.
Methods: In this nationwide registry-based cohort, we explored four definitions of ID: the current European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines [ferritin <100 ng/mL or ferritin 100-299 ng/mL and transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%], ferritin level <100 ng/mL, TSAT < 20% and serum iron ≤13 μmol/L.
Purpose: To assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of the diagnostic codes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) and identify factors affecting the PPV.
Patients And Methods: We randomly sampled 200 patients registered in DNPR with the diagnostic codes DI421 (obstructive) or DI422 (non-obstructive) HCM, from Eastern Denmark, between December 1, 2017, and September 16, 2021. We assessed patients' medical records and classified whether the diagnosis of HCM was correct, incorrect, or uncertain according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines.
To examine temporal changes in patient characteristics, the incidence rate of surgical intervention, and the three-year mortality rate for patients undergoing surgical intervention for mitral valve stenosis (MS) from 2001 to 2021 in Denmark. Utilizing Danish nationwide registries, we identified all adult patients undergoing first-time surgical intervention for MS (2001-2021). Temporal changes in the incidence rate of surgical intervention across calendar periods were investigated (2001-2005, 2006-2010, 2011-2015, and 2016-2021).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: When patients undergo surgery for mitral regurgitation, risk of reoperation is of concern.
Aims: To examine the incidence and factors associated with mitral reoperation following surgery for mitral regurgitation according to type of surgery.
Methods: Patients undergoing first-time surgery for mitral regurgitation, 1996-2021, were identified from nationwide registries.
Article Synopsis
- Heart failure (HF) significantly increases the risk of death and hospitalization compared to the general population, especially evident in patients initiating guideline-directed therapy.
- In a study of over 35,000 HF patients matched with non-HF individuals, those with HF had a 13% higher risk of death, 17% higher risk of HF-related hospitalization, and 24% higher risk of non-HF hospitalization over five years.
- The excess risk of death declined with age; for example, a 60-year-old man with HF had a similar five-year death risk to a 75-year-old man without HF, suggesting the need to adjust healthcare resources based on age and comorbidities.
Article Synopsis
- Bacteremia (SAB) is a serious condition that can lead to high rates of illness and death, especially in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), prompting researchers to study its incidence in first-time CIED carriers in Denmark over a 10-year period.
- The study involved 87,257 patients from a national registry who had their first CIED implanted from 2000 to 2020, with a focus on identifying the occurrence of SAB after the procedure and understanding risk factors that contribute to it.
- Results showed that 1.6% of patients developed SAB, with higher risks associated with specific device types and factors such as hemodialysis, previous SAB, liver disease, and demographic
Background: Patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS) frequently present with ascending aortic (AAo) dilatation which is left untreated. The objective of this study was to study the natural progression and underlying mechanisms of AAo dilatation after TAVI for bicuspid AS.
Methods: Patients with a native bicuspid AS and a baseline AAo maximum diameter > 40 mm treated by TAVI and in whom post-TAVI computed tomography (CT) scans beyond 1 year were available were included.
Article Synopsis
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe condition that can be fatal, particularly in patients with prosthetic valves. The study evaluates the effectiveness of a new PET tracer, [Cu]Cu-DOTATATE, for diagnosing IE.
- The case series highlights two patients: Patient 1, with a mitral valve prosthesis, showed positive tracer uptake at the infection site and had a successful surgery, while Patient 2, with an aortic valve infection, showed no uptake and experienced complications leading to death.
- This research suggests the potential diagnostic value of [Cu]Cu-DOTATATE for IE but also indicates variability in its effectiveness based on the type of valve involved.
Article Synopsis
- - Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) are surviving longer, but this leads to more complications, particularly arrhythmias, which have not been thoroughly studied long-term
- - A study of 45,820 Danish patients with CHD found that they have a significantly higher incidence of arrhythmias (2.6%) compared to matched controls (0.2%), with some heart conditions presenting even greater risks
- - Arrhythmias in CHD patients are linked to a higher risk of death (HR of 6.9), highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring and management of heart problems in this population
Background And Aims: Endometriosis, a systemic gynaecological disease affecting 10% of women in reproductive age, shares pathophysiological characteristics with cardiovascular disease. However, data on the relationship between endometriosis and cardiovascular outcomes are scarce, prompting this study to address the knowledge gap.
Methods: Using Danish nationwide registries, women diagnosed with endometriosis (1977-2021) were identified and matched with controls in a 1:4 ratio based on year of birth.
Article Synopsis
- Patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at higher risk for infective endocarditis (IE), prompting the need for specialized prevention and treatment approaches.
- A study analyzing data from Danish registries found significant differences in IE characteristics and outcomes between patients with CHD and those without, with notable trends in age, comorbidities, and types of bacteria causing infection.
- Results showed that patients with CHD had lower in-hospital and one-year mortality rates compared to those without CHD, despite similar long-term recurrence rates of IE between the two groups.
Background: Despite improved survival, hospitalization is still common among patients with heart failure (HF).
Objective: This study aimed to examine temporal trends in infection-related hospitalization among HF patients and compare it to temporal trends in the risk of HF hospitalization and death.
Methods: Using Danish nationwide registers, we included all patients aged 18 to 100 years, with HF diagnosed between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2017, resulting in a total population of 147.
Article Synopsis
- Early diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is important and can be aided by screening for symptoms like carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
- This study investigates Troponin-T (TnT) and NT-ProBNP as potential indicators for CA in patients who had surgery for bilateral CTS.
- Findings show that low levels of TnT and NT-ProBNP can effectively rule out CA, with TnT having a 100% negative predictive value, indicating their usefulness in screening this specific population.
Background: Increasing severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with increasing risk of poor outcomes. Using health registry data, we aimed to assess the association between treatment intensity levels (TIL), as a proxy for underlying COPD severity, and long-term outcomes.
Methods: Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified patients diagnosed with COPD during 2001-2016, who were alive at index date of 1 January 2017.
Background: Hospitalizations are a major burden for both patients and society but are potentially preventable. We examined the one-year hospitalization burden in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and compared hospitalization rates and patterns with those undergoing isolated surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).
Methods: Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified patients who underwent first-time TAVR and isolated SAVR (2008-2019), respectively.