Effects of the fungicide ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) on the early development of sea urchin eggs.

In this study, we assessed the impact of imidazole fungicide ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) on the early development of a marine invertebrate, the sea urchin, a marine bioindicator. Fungicides are widely used and have been reported to accumulate not only in farm soil but also in freshwater and seawater sediments. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the effects of OPP on marine environments.