Defined drug release from 3D-printed composite tablets consisting of drug-loaded polyvinylalcohol and a water-soluble or water-insoluble polymer filler.

3D-printed tablets are a promising new approach for personalized medicine. In this study, we fabricated composite tablets consisting of two components, a drug and a filler, by using a fused deposition modeling-type 3D printer. Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) polymer containing calcein (a model drug) was used as the drug component and PVA or polylactic acid (PLA) polymer without drug was used as the water-soluble or water-insoluble filler, respectively.

Relationship between [C]MeAIB uptake and amino acid transporter family gene expression levels or proliferative activity in a pilot study in human carcinoma cells: Comparison with [H]methionine uptake.

Introduction: To clarify the difference between system A and L amino acid transport imaging in PET clinical imaging, we focused on the use of α-[N-methyl-C]-methylaminoisobutyric acid ([C]MeAIB), and compared it with [S-methyl-C]-L-methionine ([C]MET). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of accumulation of these two radioactive amino acid analogs with expression of amino acid transporters and cell proliferative activity in carcinoma cells.

Methods: Amino acid uptake inhibitor studies were performed in four human carcinoma cells (epidermal carcinoma A431, colorectal carcinoma LS180, and lung carcinomas PC14/GL and H441/GL) using the radioisotope analogs [H]MET and [C]MeAIB.

3D Printing Factors Important for the Fabrication of Polyvinylalcohol Filament-Based Tablets.

Three-dimensional (3D) printers have been applied in many fields, including engineering and the medical sciences. In the pharmaceutical field, approval of the first 3D-printed tablet by the U.S.

Morphological features of adult rats of IS/Kyo and IS-Tlk/Kyo strains with lumbar and caudal vertebral anomalies.

IS-Tlk/Kyo, a mutant derived from IS/Kyo strain, exhibits a kinked and/or short tail, in addition to the congenital lumbar vertebral anomaly. Homozygotes of Tlk dominant gene are known to die during embryonic development. We previously reported the morphological features of the skeleton in IS/Kyo and IS-Tlk/Kyo fetuses and of the heart in IS/Kyo fetuses [19].

p27Kip1 inactivation provides a proliferative advantage to transplanted hepatocytes in DPPIV/Rag2 double knockout mice after repeated host liver injury.

Studies were conducted to develop a new DPPIV(-/-)/Rag2(-/-) mouse model for hepatocyte transplantation by allogeneic and xenogeneic cells and to compare the proliferative capacity of p27 null hepatocytes versus normal hepatocytes in this system. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) gene knockout mice, in which wild-type (wt) DPPIV+ donor hepatocytes can be readily identified by enzyme histochemistry, were bred with Rag2 null mice to prepare immunotolerant DPPIV(-/-)/Rag2(-/-) double knockout mice. DPPIV(-/-)/Rag(-/-) mice were transplanted with wt hepatocytes or p27 null mouse hepatocytes, which show enhanced cell cycle activity due to disruption of the Kip1 cyclin kinase inhibitor gene, and liver repopulation was assessed under nonproliferative versus proliferative experimental conditions.

Expression analysis of two mutations in carnitine palmitoyltransferase IA deficiency.

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) is one of the carnitine cycle enzymes that plays a role in the transportation of long-fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT IA) is one of the isozymes of CPT I, and its deficiency results in an autosomal recessive mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorder. To date, 19 patients with CPT IA deficiency and 9 CPT IA mutations have been reported.