Antileishmanial Effects of Acetylene Acetogenins from Seeds of (Warm.) R.E. Fries (Annonaceae) and Semisynthetic Derivatives.

As part of our continuous studies involving the prospection of natural products from Brazilian flora aiming at the discovery of prototypes for the development of new antiparasitic drugs, the present study describes the isolation of two natural acetylene acetogenins, (,,)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(-eicos-11'-yn-19'-enyl)butanolide () and (,,)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-(-eicos-11'-ynyl)butanolide (), from the seeds of (Warm.) R.E.

Structurally Related Monoterpenes p-Cymene, Carvacrol and Thymol Isolated from Essential Oil from Leaves of Lippia sidoides Cham. (Verbenaceae) Protect Mice against Elastase-Induced Emphysema.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and inflammation. Natural products, such as monoterpenes, displayed anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities and can be used as a source of new compounds to COPD treatment. Our aim was to evaluate, in an elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice, the effects of and underlying mechanisms of three related natural monoterpenes (-cymene, carvacrol and thymol) isolated from essential oil from leaves Cham.