species in human infections II.

species are non-motile facultative anaerobic/anaerobic bacteria that are found mostly in the oral cavity and some other parts of the human body, in animals, and even in ocean sediments. Valid species include , , , , , , and . Some species require serum or blood for growth.

Osteoradionecrosis contains a wide variety of cultivable and non-cultivable bacteria.

Background: Direct microscopy, anaerobic culture and DNA-DNA hybridization have previously demonstrated an association between microorganisms and osteoradionecrosis (ORN). The purpose of our study was to use culture independent molecular techniques to detect bacteria in necrotic bone lesions of the mandible after radiation therapy.

Design: Bacterial DNA was extracted from eight deep medullar specimens from resected mandibles (six cases), including one patient with relapse.

Leptotrichia species in human infections.

Leptotrichia species typically colonize the oral cavity and genitourinary tract. These anaerobic bacteria belong to the normal flora of humans and are seldom found in clinically significant specimens. However, on rare occasions, Leptotrichia has been isolated from blood cultures of patients with lesions in the oral mucosa, in particular from patients with neutropenia.

Bacterial diversity in aortic aneurysms determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis.

Background: Aortic aneurysms are common vascular conditions that cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Understanding of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the condition remains limited. Recently, infection has been suggested as possible contributor in the development of the disease.

Genetic relatedness of oral yeasts within and between patients with marginal periodontitis and subjects with oral health.

Background: Yeasts are found in periodontal pockets at a frequency of 15-21%. However, the genetic relatedness of oral yeasts within and between patients with marginal periodontitis is not clear.

Objectives: Assay genetic relatedness of oral yeasts from marginal periodontitis patients and oral health subjects, as well as genetic relatedness of yeasts from different oral sites in these two groups of participants.

Genetic diversity of Leptotrichia and description of Leptotrichia goodfellowii sp. nov., Leptotrichia hofstadii sp. nov., Leptotrichia shahii sp. nov. and Leptotrichia wadei sp. nov.

Sixty strains of Gram-negative, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from human sources initially assigned to Leptotrichia buccalis (n=58) and 'Leptotrichia pseudobuccalis' (n=2) have been subjected to polyphasic taxonomy. Full-length 16S rDNA sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization, RAPD, SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins, cellular fatty acid analysis and enzymic/biochemical tests supported the establishment of four novel Leptotrichia species from this collection, Leptotrichia goodfellowii sp. nov.