Evaluation of risk factors for postpartum cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, a multicenter retrospective observational study.

The postpartum period is a well-defined risk factor for cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). However, it is unclear which patients are at risk for CVST in the postpartum period. Thus, determining some CVST risk factors in postpartum patients may be useful for preventing the disorder in this population.

Evaluation of the effect on stroke mechanism, stroke recurrence and clinical outcome in stroke patients with basilar artery atherosclerosis: A single centre retrospective observational study.

Objectives: Basilar artery atherosclerotic plaque is the predominant cause of stroke in the posterior circulation. İscheamic stroke caused basilar artery atherosclerosis faces a high risk of recurrence despite optimal medical treatment, which might lie in the less than ideal recognition of underlying stroke mechanism and lack of individualized treatment for strokes of different mechanisms. We aim in this study to investigate the effect on stroke mechanism, stroke recurrence and clinical outcome in stroke patients with basilar artery atherosclerosis.

Eating attitudes of migraine patients in Turkey: a prospective multi-center study.

Background: Migraine is a disease characterized by headache attacks. The disease is multifactorial in etiology and genetic and environmental factors play role in pathogenesis. Migraine can also be accompanied by psychiatric disorders like neurotism and obsessive compulsive disorder.

IVIg-induced headache: prospective study of a large cohort with neurological disorders.

Background: Intravenous immune globulin (IVIg) is frequently used in some neurological diseases and is also the first-line therapy in Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and multifocal motor neuropathy. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of headaches, which is one of the most common side effects of IVIg treatment.

Methods: Patients who received IVIg treatment for neurological diseases were prospectively enrolled in 23 centers.

An Extraordinary EEG Phenomenon Misdiagnosed as Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus: Frequent Subclinical Periodic Discharges Terminated by Sudden Auditory Stimuli.

Triggering or modulation of seizures and rhythmic EEG patterns by external stimuli are well-known with the most common clinical appearance of stimulus induced periodic discharges (SI- PDs) patterns which are elicited by physical or auditory stimulation. However, stimulus terminated periodic discharges (ST-PDs), in other words, the periodic discharges stopped by external stimuli is an extremely rare electroencephalographic (EEG) finding. We report a 20-year-old woman with a marked psychomotor developmental delay of unknown cause, with frequent EEG patterns of long-lasting (10-60 s) bilateral paroxysmal high-voltage slow waves with occasional spikes, misdiagnosed as non-convulsive status epilepticus.

Cluster Analysis Revealed Two Hidden Phenotypes of Cluster Headache.

Objective: To investigate the possible subgroups of patients with Cluster Headache (CH) by using K-means cluster analysis.

Methods: A total of 209 individuals (mean (SD) age: 39.8 (11.

Automatic detection of F waves and F-MUNE in two types of motor neuron diseases.

Introduction/aims: Motor unit number estimation by F waves (F-MUNE) is an uncommonly used MUNE technique. Our aim in this study was to assess the sensitivity of F-MUNE values elicited with newly developed software in motor neuron diseases.

Methods: F waves were recorded by 300 submaximal stimuli from abductor digiti minimi and abductor pollicis brevis muscles of 35 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 18 with previous poliomyelitis, and 20 controls.

Reply: "Spinal nerve pathology in Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection".

See article on pages E74–E75 in this issue.

Sex Differences of Migraine: Results of a Nationwide Home-based Study in Turkey.

Introduction: The prevalence of migraine was found to be more than three-fold higher in women as compared with men, and in addition to differences in prevalence rates, the characteristics and associated features might also differ between the sexes. The aim of this study was to compare sex-specific features of migraine and demographic parameters in a nationwide population-based study in Turkey.

Methods: Among 5323 subjects, a total of 871 patients who were diagnosed as having definite migraine according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders-III (ICHD-III) were included in our study.

Corticomotor Excitability in Two Kinds of Motor Neuron Diseases: A Study on the Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Poliomyelitis Survivors.

Purpose: To examine upper motor neuron functions comparatively in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and poliomyelitis survivors using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) methods.

Methods: Single- and paired-pulse TMS with conventional methods and the triple-stimulation technique were performed by recording from the abductor digiti minimi and abductor pollicis brevis muscles in 31 patients with ALS, 18 patients with poliomyelitis survivors, and 21 controls. Nine patients were diagnosed as having postpoliomyelitis syndrome after a 6-month follow-up.

Compound muscle action potential scan and MScanFit motor unit number estimation during Wallerian degeneration after nerve transections.

Background: Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan and MScanFit have been used to understand the consequences of denervation and reinnervation. This study aimed to monitor these parameters during Wallerian degeneration (WD) after acute nerve transections (ANT).

Methods: Beginning after urgent surgery, CMAP scans were recorded at 1-2 day intervals in 12 patients with ANT of the ulnar or median nerves, by stimulating the distal stump (DS).

Repeater F-waves in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Electrophysiologic indicators of upper or lower motor neuron involvement?

Objective: To extract insight about the mechanism of repeater F-waves (Frep) by exploring their correlation with electrophysiologic markers of upper and lower motor neuron dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Methods: The correlations of Frep parameters with clinical scores and the results of neurophysiological index (NI), MScanfit MUNE, F/M amplitude ratio (F/M%), single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and triple stimulation technique (TST) studies, recorded from abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles of 35 patients with ALS were investigated.

Results: Frep parameters were correlated with NI and MScanfit MUNE in ADM muscle and F/M% in both muscles.

Relationship Between Sleep Characteristics and Sudden Unexplained Death Risk in Epilepsy.

Background: Sleep disorders and disturbances are generally underestimated in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of sleep disturbances and the comorbidity of sleep disorders in people with epilepsy without any complaints about sleep and their relation of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP) risk.

Methods: Sleep complaints and the presence of sleep disorders were assessed with 4 questionnaires in 139 patients with epilepsy.

Parameters derived from compound muscle action potential scan for discriminating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-related denervation.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine compound muscle action potential (CMAP) scan parameters and MScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to compare the results in the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) to those in the abductor digiti minimi (ADM).

Methods: CMAP scans were recorded from the APB and ADM in 35 patients with ALS and 21 controls. MScanFit MUNE, neurophysiological index (NI), step%, returner%, and D50 were calculated.

The persistence versus interchangeability of migraine and tension-type headaches in a 5-year population-based validated survey.

Objective: The aim of this population-based validated study was to determine the course of tension-type headache and migraine and to evaluate the predictors of persistence.

Methods: We evaluated the course of headache in a large population from the first assessment in 2008 through a second assessment in 2013. Then we examined the factors associated with persistent migraine and persistent tension-type headache.

Axillary mononeuropathy after herpes zoster infection misdiagnosed as neuropathic pain.

Zoster-associated extremity paresis is a rare complication of herpes zoster (HZ) and is usually due to zoster-associated mononeuropathy. Complaints of a 77-year-old man started with pain in his right arm and 4 days later he developed itchy red HZ lesions in the same area. One week later, the patient developed weakness in his right arm.

Peri-ictal Prone Position Is Associated With Independent Risk Factors For Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy: A Controlled Video-EEG Monitoring Unit Study.

Introduction: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of death in patients with chronic drug-resistant epilepsy, and peri-ictal prone position has been elucidated as a risk factor for SUDEP. We aimed to investigate consecutive patients in peri-ictal prone positions in our video EEG monitoring (VEM) unit and compare patients with and without peri-ictal prone position to emphasize its relationship with other independent risk factors for SUDEP.

Methods: We retrospectively screened all patients with peri-ictal prone position who underwent VEM for a 10-year period and these patients constituted the prone (+) group.

The Characteristics and Long-Term Course of Epilepsy in Lipoid Proteinosis: A Spectrum From Mild to Severe Seizures in Relation to ECM1 Mutations.

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by deposition of hyaline material in skin and mucosae. Epilepsy, as an extracutaneous manifestation associated with typical mesial temporal calcifications, has already been identified, but its characteristics and long-term prognosis have not been thoroughly investigated. We included 7 consecutive patients with LP with typical intracranial calcifications out of 16 patients with ECM1 mutations and investigated the semiologic features, ictal and interictal EEG findings, and long-term prognosis of epilepsy in this genodermatosis.

Autosomal Dominant Cortical Tremor, Myoclonus, and Epilepsy Syndrome mimicking Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy.

Introduction: Autosomal dominant cortical tremor, myoclonus, and epilepsy (ADCME) syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous and under-recognized disease characterized by tremulous movements mimicking essential tremor, myoclonus, and rare generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Here we described the clinical and electrophysiological features of three siblings with ADCME syndrome mimicking juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME).

Methods: Three siblings (two females and one male) diagnosed with ADCME were analyzed by electroencephalogram (EEG), somatosensory evoked potentials, and accelerometric recordings.

Status epilepticus in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Frequency, precipitating factors and outcome.

Status epilepticus (SE) is rarely described in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and little is known about its frequency, subtypes, and predictors and the prognosis of these patients. In this retrospective study, we aimed to analyze the incidence of SE in patients with JME and emphasize the risk factors and long-term outcome of SE in an epilepsy outpatient-based cohort. We included patients with JME with a history of predominant myoclonic seizures and at least one diagnostic EEG with normal background activity and bursts of typical ≥3-Hz generalized spike-polyspike and waves.