[Diagnostics of pneumothorax with ultrasound].

The article deals with a method of pneumothorax diagnostics based on verification of four ultrasound sings--lung sliding absence, B-lines absence, lung pulse absence and lung point presence. Use of ultrasound allows to quickly diagnose a pneumothorax and to monitor the condition of pleural space. Introduction of the ultrasound methods into routine work ICU specialists can increase safety of patients.

[Molecular basis of Parkinson's disease linked with mutations in the LRRK2 gene].

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. Disease symptoms correlate with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta. A number of factors are supposed to take part in PD pathogenesis including alpha-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, although the precise molecular mechanism of neudegeneration remains unknown.

[Apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with LRRK2-assoctated Parkinson's disease].

Mutations in the Leucine Reach Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most frequent cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the precise physiological and pathological role of LRRK2 is unclear, a direct link between mutant LRRK2 and apoptosis has been suggested. Using flow cytometric analysis (PI+Annexin V(FITC)) we showed increased spontaneous apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with LRRK.

[Molecular genetics and clinical aspects of monogenic diabetes mellitus].

The paper is dedicated to clinical and laboratory aspects of Diabetes Mellitus non-immune forms, such as neonatal Diabetes Mellitus, Maturity Onset Diabetes of young (MODY), DIDMOAD-syndrome, Wolframe syndrome, Alstrom syndrome and its determinating genes. The analysis of proper clinical results are present in this paper.

[Clinical features of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease].

Mutations in the Leucine Reach Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are the most frequent cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Previously, we have sequenced the coding region of the LRRK2 gene in 85 PD patients and showed the prevalence of G2019S-associated PD (G2019S-PD) among all cases of LRRK2-associated PD in Russia. Screening of the most frequent LRRK2 mutations (G2019S, R1441C, R1441G) in the extended sample of PD patients (100 familial cases, 14 relatives and 230 sporadic cases) revealed two novel families with G2019S-PD in the addition to LRRK2-associated PD cases identified earlier.

[Factors of development and clinical outcome of stroke in patients of elderly and senile age].

Patients with acute stroke have been examined, in order to determine the factors leading to disposition to stroke development and sufficiently predetermining the outcome. The relation between the risk of stroke development on the background of hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart pathology, diabetes mellitus, has been established. It has been shown that the majority of the above factors tend, as a rule, to develop with age.

[Dynamic of DNA-binding activity of transcription factors in A431 cells during their spreading on immobilized ligands].

Dynamics of actin cytoskeleton in A431 cells and specific NF-kappaB SRF and AP-1 DNA-binding activities were studied during a 2 h spreading of these cells on fibronectin, laminin-2/4 or an antibody to epidermal growth factor receptor. Cell spreading was shown to be accompanied by sequential formation of actin cytoskeleton structures, whose spatial organization depends on the type of immobilized ligand. We have determined the time intervals, within which certain forms of cytoskeleton do not change qualitatively and are specific for dominant part of cell population.

[Quality of life, clinical symptoms and nasal passability in patients with allergic rhinitis].

Aim: To examine correlations between quality of life, impairment of nasal passability and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Material And Methods: The examination of 54 AR patients (41 females, 13 males age 18-62 years, mean age 38 years) diagnosed seasonal AR in 19 and year-round AR in 35 patients. Quality of life was assessed by RQLQ questionnaire.

[Prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis in the adult population of St. Petersburg].

Aim: To evaluate prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) among adult population of St-Petersburg.

Material And Methods: Responders to ECRHS and B. Sibbald & E.

[Use of gas flow with nitrogen oxide (NO-therapy) in combined treatment of purulent wounds].

NO-therapy was used in 40 patients with purulent wounds of soft tissues. Bacteriological, cytological and morphological examinations demonstrated acceleration of wound process compared with control group (40 patients without NO-therapy). Laser doppler flowmetry demonstrated significant improvement of microcirculation in wound zone during NO-therapy.

[Efficacy and safety of high doses of beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with bronchial asthma].

Aim: To assess efficiency and safety of high-dose beklometasone dipropionate in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).

Material And Methods: The trial included 14 female and 3 male patients with moderate or severe BA (mean age 43.6 years) in declining exacerbation.

[Effectiveness of detection of bronchial asthma with two international questionnaires].

Aim: Assessment of two questionnaires (ECRHS and IUATLD) for efficiency in bronchial asthma (BA) detection.

Material And Methods: 196 patients aged 16-59 years seeking advice of a doctor for pulmonary or extrapulmonary complaints. All of them have not been previously examined for BA.

[Ozone-ultrasonic therapy in the treatment of purulent wounds].

Based on planimetric, bacteriologic and histologic study high efficiency of local ozonotherapy of wound in combination with low-frequency ultrasound was demonstrated experimentally on rat model of infected purulent skin wound. This method was used in 45 patients with purulent wounds of soft tissues (postoperative, posttraumatic, burn, sore spot) that led to fast cleaning of wound surface, decrease of bacterial contamination and granulations. It permitted to eliminate inflammation and to create optimum conditions for wound closure.

[Quality of life and characteristics of the external respiration function in patients with bronchial asthma].

Aim: To investigate correlations between quality of life, bronchial obstruction, nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity (NSBH) and response of these parameters to treatment with inhalation steroids in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).

Material And Methods: The study included 67 BA patients (47 women and 20 men) aged 18 to 62 years (mean age 43 years). 59 of them had the diagnosis of atopic BA, 8 had bacterial BA.

[Role of biological defects in formation and development of bronchial asthma and potentialities of premorbid diagnosis].

The paper considers bronchial asthma as a polygenic disease. It presents some data available in the literature on the role of genetic disorders in the development of atopic states and the authors' own findings of various biological defects detected in apparently healthy blood relatives of patients with bronchial asthma. It is concluded that premorbid diagnosis is of importance in high risk persons.

[Hydrogen peroxide--a marker for respiratory tract inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma].

Aim: To test H2O2 as a marker of respiratory tract inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).

Material And Methods: The study entered 70 patients (20 males and 50 females) with atopic asthma (AA) aged 18 to 62 years (mean age 32.6 years).

[Mechanisms of steroid osteoporosis development in patients with hormone-dependent bronchial asthma].

Aim: To examine mechanisms of steroid osteoporosis development in patients with hormone-dependent bronchial asthma (BA).

Materials And Methods: The trial included 73 patients with hormone-dependent BA, 19 BA patients who have never taken oral steroid hormones and 15 healthy subjects.

Results: By computed tomography of the lumbar spine, bone tissue density in steroid-dependent BA was significantly decreased vs BA patients who were not treated with steroids.

[Therapeutic potential of glucocorticoids inhalation in bronchial asthma].

Aim: To assess effectiveness and safety of inhalation glucocorticoids (budesonide, beklometasone dipropionate) in bronchial asthma (BA).

Materials And Methods: 19 BA patients (8 males and 11 females) inhaled glucocorticoids for 9 months.

Results: The treatment reduced the need in inhalation of short-acting beta-2-adrenomimetics, episodes of asphyxia occurred less frequently.