Factors associated with community volunteering among adults over the age of 50 in Malaysia.

Background: Community volunteering is defined as voluntary participation in activities and services to benefit the local community. It has potential benefits to promote social, physical, and mental well-being, and it enhances productive, healthy, and active aging. The tendency to volunteer varies across individuals and communities.

Disruption of white matter integrity and its relationship with cognitive function in non-severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Impairment in cognitive function is a recognized outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the degree of impairment has variable relationship with TBI severity and time post injury. The underlying pathology is often due to diffuse axonal injury that has been found even in mild TBI.

White-eyed blowout fracture, child in danger: A case report.

A white-eyed blowout fracture is an orbital floor fracture associated with restriction of ocular motility (suggestive of orbital content entrapment) but with minimal or absence of signs of soft tissue trauma. It can lead to significant patient morbidity. This case involved an 8-year-old boy with a white-eyed blowout fracture following facial trauma.

Alteration in the Functional Organization of the Default Mode Network Following Closed Non-severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

The debilitating effect of traumatic brain injury (TBI) extends years after the initial injury and hampers the recovery process and quality of life. In this study, we explore the functional reorganization of the default mode network (DMN) of those affected with non-severe TBI. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a wide-spectrum disease that has heterogeneous effects on its victims and impacts everyday functioning.

Estimation of activity concentrations of radionuclides and their hazard indices in coastal plain sand region of Ogun state.

Assessment of natural background radionuclides emanating from the subsurface geological features was carried out with the use of gamma-ray spectrometry at various locations at one of the secondary school in Canaan land, Ota, Ogun State. The activity concentrations of Ra, Th and K were revealed to be 12.66 ± 0.

Interactive Blood Vessel Segmentation from Retinal Fundus Image Based on Canny Edge Detector.

Optometrists, ophthalmologists, orthoptists, and other trained medical professionals use fundus photography to monitor the progression of certain eye conditions or diseases. Segmentation of the vessel tree is an essential process of retinal analysis. In this paper, an interactive blood vessel segmentation from retinal fundus image based on Canny edge detection is proposed.

In-situ assessment of natural terrestrial-radioactivity from Uranium-238 (U), Thorium-232 (Th) and Potassium-40 (K) in coastal urban-environment and its possible health implications.

The risk of natural terrestrial radioactivity on human health is often underestimated, and environmental safety awareness is necessary. Hence, this study aims to assess natural sources of gamma radiation emitter in coastal urban-environment using the radiometric technique. The dosage of gamma radiation from a parent radionuclide such as Uranium-238 (U), Thorium-232 (Th) and Potassium-40 (K) and were measured using portable gamma spectroscopy.

Neovascularization Detection and Localization in Fundus Images Using Deep Learning.

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) is a severe retinal disease that threatens diabetic patients. It is characterized by neovascularization in the retina and the optic disk. PDR clinical features contain highly intense retinal neovascularization and fibrous spreads, leading to visual distortion if not controlled.

The Effect of HS Pressure on the Formation of Multiple Corrosion Products on 316L Stainless Steel Surface.

HS gas when exposed to metal can be responsible for both general and localized corrosion, which depend on several parameters such as HS concentration and the corrosion product layer formed. Therefore, the formation of passive film on 316L steel when exposed to HS environment was investigated using several analysis methods such as FESEM and STEM/EDS analyses, which identified a sulfur species underneath the porous structure of the passive film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that the first layer of CrO and CrO was dissolved, accelerated by the presence of HS-Cl.

Detection of , and Genes Variants in Malay Premature Babies with Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Purpose: To determine the mutational analyses of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR)-causing genes in Malay patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) to obtain preliminary data for gene alterations in the Malay community.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study involving 86 Malay premature babies (ROP = 41 and non-ROP = 45) was performed from September 2012 to December 2014. Mutation analyses in (FEVR)-causing genes (, , , ) were performed using DNA from premature babies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing.

Investigation of natural environmental radioactivity concentration in soil of coastaline area of Ado-Odo/Ota Nigeria and its radiological implications.

Natural radioactivity in coastaline area soil of Ado-Odo/Ota has been carried out to ascertain the presence of radionuclides using gamma-ray spectroscopy (HPGe detector). The result showed that U-238, Th-232 and K-40 ranged from 24 ± 7-49 ± 10; 67 ± 6-120 ± 9 and 88 ± 17-139 ± 20 Bqkg respectively. The radium equivalent for the samples ranged from 132.

Radionuclides proportion and radiological risk assessment of soil samples collected in Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State Nigeria.

The activity levels of U, Th and K in soil surrounding major office complexes in Covenant University were analyzed for radiological hazards to determine the safety of the residents in such environment. Sixteen (16) soil samples were collected, prepared and sent to Acme laboratory in Canada for analysis with the use of high purity germanium detector. The mean activity concentrations of U, Th and K were found to be 45 ± 10, 135 ± 8 and 195 ± 20 respectively.

A STUDY OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY IN SOME BUILDING MATERIALS IN NIGERIA.

Building materials of different brands were assessed for the concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K using HPGe detector. The activity concentrations in the measured samples ranged from 27 ± 8 to 82 ± 8 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 41 ± 4 to 101 ± 8 Bq kg-1 for 232Th and 140 ± 8 to 940 ± 19 Bq kg-1 for 40K, respectively. The Radium equivalent (Raeq) activity from the samples was found to be <370 Bq kg-1 as the recommended value for construction materials.

Assessment of natural radioactivity in various commercial tiles used for building purposes in Nigeria.

In this study, we evaluated the activity concentration of natural radionuclides (Ra, Th and K) for fifteen (15) different brands of tile samples used for building purposes in Nigeria. The tile samples were analyzed using High purity Germanium gamma detector. The mean activity concentrations of Ra, Th, and K were observed to be 61.

The optimisation of electrokinetic remediation for heavy metals and radioactivity contamination on Holyrood-Lunas soil (acrisol species) in Sri Gading Industrial Area, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.

The optimisation of electrokinetic remediation of an alluvial soil, locally named as Holyrood-Lunas from Sri Gading Industrial Area, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia, had been conducted in this research. This particular soil was chosen due to its relatively high level of background radiation in a range between 139.2 and 539.

Intravitreal ranibizumab in treating extensive traumatic submacular hemorrhage.

Herein, we report our experience in treating extensive traumatic submacular hemorrhage with a single dose of intravitreal ranibizumab. A 23-year-old healthy Malay man presented with a progressive reduction of central vision in the left eye of 2 days' duration following a history of blunt trauma. Visual acuity was reduced to counting fingers.

Ultrasonographic findings in eyes with retinopathy of prematurity in malaysia.

RetCam is an excellent screening tool for the detection of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, affordability is a barrier when adopting the use of RetCam in developing countries. We aimed to describe different stages of ROP using ultrasonographic B-scan and to evaluate the association between funduscopic examinations and ultrasonographic B-scan findings in premature neonates with ROP in Malaysia.

Clinical profile and aetiology of optic neuritis in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia--5 years review.

Although few studies concerning optic neuritis (ON) in Asian countries have been reported, there is no report about ON in Malaysia particularly within the Malay population. We aimed to determine the clinical manifestation, visual outcome and aetiology of ON in Malays, and discussed the literature of ON studies in other Asian populations. This was a retrospective study involving 31 consecutive patients (41 eyes) with ON treated at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia commencing from July 2005 till January 2010 with a period of follow-up ranging from 18-60 months.

Topical cyclosporin as an alternative treatment for vision threatening blepharokeratoconjunctivitis: a case report.

Here, a case of vision threatening blepharokeratoconjunctivitis that responded well to topical cyclosporin is reported. A 9-year-old Malay girl with a history of bilateral blepharokeratoconjunctivitis was regularly treated with lid scrubbing using diluted baby shampoo, fusidic acid gel, and topical steroids as well as an intermittent course of oral doxycycline for the past year. She developed acute onset bilateral eye redness associated with poor vision in her right eye.

Orbital apex syndrome after tooth extraction in an immunocompromised patient.

A 60 year-old man presented with acute on set of left eye proptosis and ptosis. It was associated with poor vision, eye pain and restriction of eye movement of the same eye after 5 hours post left upper molar tooth extraction. The visual acuity in the left eye was hand movement.

Prediction error and accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation in pediatric patient comparing SRK II and Pediatric IOL Calculator.

Background: Despite growing number of intraocular lens power calculation formulas, there is no evidence that these formulas have good predictive accuracy in pediatric, whose eyes are still undergoing rapid growth and refractive changes. This study is intended to compare the prediction error and the accuracy of predictability of intraocular lens power calculation in pediatric patients at 3 month post cataract surgery with primary implantation of an intraocular lens using SRK II versus Pediatric IOL Calculator for pediatric intraocular lens calculation. Pediatric IOL Calculator is a modification of SRK II using Holladay algorithm.

Spontaneous bilateral anterior lens dislocation in an 8-year-old girl.

The authors describe recurrent lens dislocation into the anterior chamber in a young girl with homocystinuria. The patient's 12-year-old sister died after a cerebrovascular accident caused by the same disease. This report highlights the importance of early dietary restrictions and treatment.

Syphilitic uveitis: report of 3 cases.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical manifestations and visual outcome of syphilitic uveitis patients.

Methods: Case series of three patients with syphilitic uveitis who were managed in Hospital USM.

Results: Three patients were diagnosed to have uveitis secondary to Syphilis.

Specific detection of fungal pathogens by 18S rRNA gene PCR in microbial keratitis.

Background: The sensitivity and specificity of 18S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of fungal aetiology of microbial keratitis was determined in thirty patients with clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis.

Methods: Corneal scrapings from patients were used for Gram stain, culture and PCR analysis. PCR was performed with primer pairs targeted to the 18S rRNA gene.