To lockdown or not to lockdown: Analysis of the EU lockdown performance vs. COVID-19 outbreak.

The worldwide COVID-19 outbreak has dramatically called for appropriate responses from governments. Scientists estimated both the basic reproduction number and the lethality of the virus. The former one depends on several factors (environment and social behavior, virus characteristics, removal rate).

Attention Enhancement for Exoskeleton-Assisted Hand Rehabilitation Using Fingertip Haptic Stimulation.

Active enrollment in rehabilitation training yields better treatment outcomes. This paper introduces an exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation system. It is the first attempt to combine fingertip cutaneous haptic stimulation with exoskeleton-assisted hand rehabilitation for training participation enhancement.

A continuum body force sensor designed for flexible surgical robotics devices.

This paper presents a novel three-axis force sensor based on optical photo interrupters and integrated with the robot arm STIFF-FLOP (STIFFness controllable Flexible and Learnable Manipulator for Surgical Operations) to measure external interacting forces and torques. The ring-shape bio-compatible sensor presented here embeds the distributed actuation and sensing system of the STIFF-FLOP manipulator and is applicable to the geometry of its structure as well to the structure of any other similar soft robotic manipulator. Design and calibration procedures of the device are introduced: experimental results allow defining a stiffness sensor matrix for real-time estimation of force and torque components and confirm the usefulness of the proposed optical sensing approach.

Assessment of sensing fire fighters uniforms for physiological parameter measurement in harsh environment.

In the last few years, much effort has been devoted to the development of wearable sensing systems able to monitor physiological, behavioral, and environmental parameters. Less has been done on the accurate testing and assessment of this instrumentation, especially when considering devices thought to be used in harsh environments by subjects or operators performing intense physical activities. This paper presents methodology and results of the evaluation of wearable physiological sensors under these conditions.

Fire fighters and rescuers monitoring through wearable sensors: The ProeTEX project.

The final generation of ProeTEX prototypes has been delivered in April 2010: it is based on two sets of sensorized garments devoted to monitor the health status of emergency operators working in harsh environments. This new release of garments shows several improvements with respect to the previous ones, and it is characterized by a major specialization to the requirements imposed by the different categories of end-users (Fire-Fighters, Civil Protection rescuers) addressed by the project. Each ProeTEX prototype is provided with a communication infrastructure allowing the real-time remote transmission of data recorded by the wearable sensors, and the presentation of such data to possible managers supervising the activities of the first line responders.

A real-time and self-calibrating algorithm based on triaxial accelerometer signals for the detection of human posture and activity.

Assessment of human activity and posture with triaxial accelerometers provides insightful information about the functional ability: classification of human activities in rehabilitation and elderly surveillance contexts has been already proposed in the literature. In the meanwhile, recent technological advances allow developing miniaturized wearable devices, integrated within garments, which may extend this assessment to novel tasks, such as real-time remote surveillance of workers and emergency operators intervening in harsh environments. We present an algorithm for human posture and activity-level detection, based on the real-time processing of the signals produced by one wearable triaxial accelerometer.

Smart garments for emergency operators: the ProeTEX project.

Financed by the European Commission, a consortium of 23 European partners, consisting of universities, research institutions, industries, and organizations operating in the field of emergency management, is developing a new generation of "smart" garments for emergency-disaster personnel. Garments integrate newly developed wearable and textile solutions, such as commercial portable sensors and devices, in order to continuously monitor risks endangering rescuers' lives. The system enables detection of health-state parameters of the users (heart rate, breathing rate, body temperature, blood oxygen saturation, position, activity, and posture) and environmental variables (external temperature, presence of toxic gases, and heat flux passing through the garments), to process data and remotely transmit useful information to the operation manager.

A new approach of multi-d.o.f. prosthetic control.

In this paper we propose a new method to enhance prosthetics functionality, that integrates concepts extracted from the neuroscience background with the technology mainly exploited in prosthetic control. This new method allows controlling multi-degrees of freedom (d.o.

Smart garments for emergency operators: results of laboratory and field tests.

The first generation of ProeTEX prototypes has been completed at the end of August 2007. In the following period two main activities have involved the project partners. On one hand new technologies (in terms of sensors and devices) to be integrated in the next releases of prototypes have been developed; on the other hand intensive test sessions on the first prototype (both in laboratory conditions and simulating real operative scenarios) have been carried out.

Optimization of two-joint arm movements: a model technique or a result of natural selection?

The fossil record of early hominids suggests that their Arm length, and presumably stature and weight, had a tendency to increase. Using the minimum jerk principle and a related formulation of averaged specific power, ASP, with regard to selected two-joint Arm movements, the current paper explores relationships between ASP, hand trajectory length (or Arm length, or body mass) and mean movement speed, deriving relationships which indicate that ASP is proportional to cubic mean movement speed, but inversely proportional to hand trajectory length (or Arm length, or 1/3 power of body mass). Accordingly, an ;ecological niche' is modeled in a three-parameter space.