Bloodstream infections (BSI) are frequent complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). This study reports data on pre-engraftment BSI in years 2016-2021 and analyses changes in incidence, aetiology, resistance and mortality compared with two previous periods (2004-2009 and 2010-2015). In years 2004-2021, 1364 patients received HCT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated levels of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-generating enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) are a common feature across numerous cancer types. Accordingly, we previously reported pervasive NAD+ dysregulation in Multiple Myeloma (MM) cells in association with upregulated NAMPT expression. Unfortunately, albeit being effective in preclinical models of cancer, NAMPT inhibition has proven ineffective in clinical trials due to the existence of alternative NAD+ production routes utilizing NAD+ precursors other than nicotinamide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe looked at treatment rates and center density across countries for patients treated in 2022; 46,143 HCTs (19,011 (41.2%) allogeneic, 27,132 (58.8%) autologous) reported by 689 centers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, yet it carries significant risks, including acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the risk factors and clinical impact of AKI in patients undergoing CAR-T cell therapy. This retrospective study involved hematologic patients treated with CAR-T therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the last few years, several mechanisms that are involved in congenital diseases characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis have been described. Therefore, multiple new target drugs are being developed in preclinical models against the main regulators of normal erythropoiesis. Above all, the key mechanism that regulates systemic iron homeostasis, represented by the hepcidin-ferroportin axis, is considered to be the target for new therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukemia
December 2024
Treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is challenging as patients exhaust all available therapies and the disease becomes refractory to standard drug classes. Here we report the final results of LocoMMotion, the first prospective study of real-world clinical practice (RWCP) in triple-class exposed (TCE) patients with RRMM, with a median follow-up of 26.4 months (range, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycoplasma hominis can be a part of human urogenital tract microbiome, and it is a frequent cause of urogenital infections. In rare cases, it can also cause extragenital infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. In this case series, we report two cases and provide a literature review of extragenital infections caused by M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe compared transplantation (HSCT) outcomes in AML patients undergoing HSCT with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in first complete remission from 1065 young (<35 years) haploidentical (Haplo) donors (yHaplo) vs. 147 old (≥35 years) mismatched unrelated donors (oMMUD) (first comparison) and from 271 young (<35 years) MMUD (yMMUD) vs. 1315 old (≥35 years) Haplo donors (oHaplo) (second comparison).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe success of hematopoietic transplant for hemoglobinopathies and hematological malignancies has been accompanied by the new challenge of how to identify, risk stratify and treat iron overload/toxicity pre- and post-transplantation. Substantial progress has been made in our understanding of iron metabolism and pathophysiology of iron overload, making us aware that not only the total amount of iron in the body is important but also the effect of toxic iron species and duration of exposure are equally relevant. Challenges still remain in how to assess cellular and tissue damage and define the mechanism which may detrimentally affect the outcome of hematopoietic transplantation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCAR CD4 T cell lymphopenia is an emerging issue following CAR-T cell therapy. We analyzed the determinants of CD4 T cell recovery and a possible association with survival in 31 consecutive patients treated with commercial CAR-T for diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) or mantle cell lymphoma. Circulating immune subpopulations were characterized through multiparametric-flow cytometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe therapeutic management of immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) has recently benefited from the introduction of caplacizumab, an agent directed at the inhibition of platelet aggregation. This real-world analysis investigated the epidemiology and the demographic and clinical characteristics of iTTP patients in Italy before and after caplacizumab introduction in 2020. Hospitalized adults with iTTP were included using the administrative databases of healthcare entities covering 17 million residents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) predominantly occurs in adults ≥60 years old; 10-20% of cases are pediatric or adolescent/young adult (AYA) patients. Tagraxofusp (TAG, Elzonris) is the only approved treatment for BPDCN; in the United States it is approved for patients aged ≥2 years. Data on treating pediatric and AYA BPDCN patients are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Isavuconazole is first-line treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is deemed not necessary, since most patients reached therapeutic levels (>1 mg/L) in large studies. Low levels were reported in some critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe studied the incidence of acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) and its outcome in three consecutive time frames (year <2000; 2000-2010; >2010), in 3,120 patients allografted in two transplant Centers between 1976 and 2020. The median age increased over the three periods from 32 to 42 to 54 years ( < 0.00001).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an aggressive myeloid malignancy of the dendritic cell lineage that affects patients of all ages, though the incidence appears to be highest in patients over the age of 60 years. Diagnosis is based on the presence of plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors expressing CD123, the interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha, and a distinct histologic appearance. Timely diagnosis remains a challenge, due to lack of disease awareness and overlapping biologic and clinical features with other hematologic malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Adenovirus infection (ADVi) is an emergent complication in adult patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and is associated with poor outcome. Available data on risk factors and optimal management of ADVi in adult allo-HSCT recipients are limited, and recommendations on monitoring and pre-emptive therapy are mainly based on pediatric data.
Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, we reported all cases of positive ADV-DNA from adult patients undergoing allo-HSCT in the period 2014-2019.
Background: Although myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) has been considered a more favorable demyelinating central nervous system disorder, recent data evidence that some patients might experience severe relapses and high disability. Actual treatment-options are acquired mostly from anti-aquaporin-4-antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and rely on clinical experience. Therefore, treatment of aggressive forms of MOGAD can be challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn recent years, targeted (biological) therapies have become available also for primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (PCTCLs) including anti-CD30 (brentuximab vedotin) in mycosis fungoides, primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid papulosis; anti-CCR4 (mogamulizumab) in Sezary syndrome; anti-CD123 (tagraxofusp) in blastic plasmocytoid cell neoplasm. Moreover, anti-PD1 (nivolumab), anti-PDL1 (pembrolizumab, atezolizumab), anti-CD52 (alemtuzumab), anti-KIR3DL2-CD158k (lacutamab), and anti-CD70 (cusatuzumab) have been tested or are under investigations in phase II trials. The expression of these epitopes on neoplastic cells in skin biopsies or blood samples plays a central role in the management of PCTCL patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic neoplasm (less than 1% of primary cutaneous lymphomas and acute leukemia) with a highly aggressive clinical course and frequent skin, bone marrow and central nervous system involvement. Even though there is often an early response to chemotherapy, leukemic dissemination relapses are very common and result in poor outcomes, with a median overall survival of 8 to 14 months in the first-line setting using standard combination chemotherapy regimens. Almost 90% of patients experience skin involvement as their initial site of infection, where BPDCN may stay restricted for weeks or even months until a swift secondary phase involving multiple organs takes place.
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