A Comparative Study of Febrile Seizures and Febrile Convulsions Associated With Mild Gastroenteritis.

Background: Children presenting with complex febrile seizures (FS) have an increased risk of developing epilepsy. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of complex seizures in children presenting with FS and those with both convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) and fever.

Methods: Children admitted to our Pediatric Emergency Department between January 2017 and April 2019 with seizures were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Liver chemistry in new-onset Henoch-Schönlein syndrome.

Background: Henoch-Schönlein syndrome is a systemic small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis that usually present with cutaneous, gastrointestinal, articular and renal manifestations. Little is known on liver involvement in this syndrome. This study investigated liver chemistry and creatine kinase in Henoch-Schönlein children.

Treatment of Severe Hypervolemic Hyponatremia in a Child With Pneumonia.

A 21-month-old boy came to our attention because of pneumonia. His weight increased before presentation, and his blood test results showed hyponatremia (116 mEq/L), low plasma osmolarity (241 mOsm/L), and high urine osmolarity (435 mOsm/L). He was treated with 0.

Using a high-flow nasal cannula provided superior results to low-flow oxygen delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis.

Aim: An observational study was carried out on infants with moderate to severe bronchiolitis to compare the clinical outcomes following treatment with a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or standard low-flow oxygen.

Methods: We enrolled subjects below 12 months of age who were affected by their first bronchiolitis episode. Non-formal randomisation, based on HFNC availability, was used to assign subjects to either the HFNC or standard oxygen groups.

Early exposure to allergens: a new window of opportunity for non-communicable disease prevention in complementary feeding?

Recent findings suggest that an early exposure to dietary antigens may be more protective towards allergy than a later introduction even in high-risk infants. The consequent earlier introduction of food items such as egg yolk and oily fish, together with breastfeeding continuation through the first year, could contribute to reducing protein and increasing fat supply, respectively. These changes might have a role in the overall prevention of non-communicable disorders of adulthood.

Atopy in preschool Italian children with recurrent respiratory infections.

Objectives: Recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) are a common problem mainly in pre-school age, due to the presence of unfavourable environmental conditions, including early socialization, as well as the immaturity and inexperience of the immune system. The relation between atopy and RRI has been evaluated in several studies, but the results were not conclusive. This study sought to determine the impact of atopy, the immunological and clinical profile in 297 Italian children with RRI, younger than 6 years.