Prevalence, risk factors and management of common mental health disorders in Cameroon: a systematic review.

Objectives: This review aimed to synthesise evidence on (1) the prevalence of common mental health disorders (MHDs) in Cameroon; (2) the effectiveness of mental health management interventions; (3) the risk factors for common MHDs in Cameroon and (4) map the state of research on common mental disorders in Cameroon.

Design: A systematic review.

Data Sources: We performed a comprehensive search for articles in major public health databases including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL from inception of each database to June 2022.

New Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as Anticancer VEGFR-2 Inhibitors with Apoptosis Induction: Design, Synthesis, and Biological and Studies.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is a critical protein involved in tumor progression, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues as potential anticancer VEGFR-2 inhibitors.

Methods: The thieno[2,3-]pyrimidine analogues were synthesized following the pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors.

Effect of the Dynamic Orthotic Garment on Postural Control, and Endurance in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dynamic orthotic garments (Thera togs) on foot pressure distribution, postural control, and endurance in children with spastic diplegic CP.

Patients And Methods: This is a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial involving 34 (8-10 years) with spastic diplegic CP. The control group received conventional physical therapy (CPT), whereas the study group received CPT in addition to wearing TheraTogs.

New pyranopyrazole based derivatives: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation as potential topoisomerase II inhibitors, apoptotic inducers, and antiproliferative agents.

A new series of pyranopyrazole-based derivatives were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were assessed for their cytotoxic efficacy against A549 human lung carcinoma and MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell lines. Three compounds (1b, 4b, and 7b) exhibited 1.

Discovery of new thieno[2,3-]pyrimidines as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors for cancer treatment.

EGFR has been considered a vital molecular target in cancer management. The discovery of new thieno[2,3-]pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Nine derivatives were designed, synthesized and subjected to and studies.

Exploring research gaps and trends in the management of acute phosphide poisoning: a systematic review.

Metal phosphides are highly toxic pesticides that result in high morbidities and mortalities worldwide. This systematic review included 350 studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. There were significant rising trends of studies on acute aluminum phosphide (AlP) and zinc phosphide (ZnP) poisoning (-values = <.

Design, synthesis, docking, MD simulations, and anti-proliferative evaluation of thieno[2,3-]pyrimidine derivatives as new EGFR inhibitors.

A group of EGFR inhibitors derived from thieno[2,3-]pyrimidine nucleus was designed, synthesised, and examined as anti-proliferative lead compounds. MCF-7 and A549 cell lines were inhibited by , the most active member. It had inhibitory partialities of 37.

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of early COVID-19 deaths in Almadinah Almonawarah, Saudi Arabia: An analytical cross-sectional study.

Background And Objective: Identification of clinical characteristics and risk factors for mortality in COVID-19 is important for early detection and precise case management. The study aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of in-hospital COVID-19 deaths in Almadinah Almonawarah city, Saudi Arabia, and to identify risk factors for early mortality among them.

Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional study.

A novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2: A story of computer-aided drug discovery.

Following the pharmacophoric features of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) inhibitors, a novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative has been designed and its activity against VEGFR-2 has been demonstrated by molecular docking studies that showed an accurate binding mode and an excellent binding energy. Furthermore, the recorded binding was confirmed by a series of molecular dynamics simulation studies, which also revealed precise energetic, conformational, and dynamic changes. Additionally, molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation and polymer-induced liquid precursors studies were conducted and verified the results of the MD simulations.

Antimicrobial stewardship in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review protocol on the opportunities and challenges for Sub-Saharan Africa.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains one of the leading threats to global public health and this may increase following COVID-19 pandemic. This is particularly the case in Africa where regulations on antimicrobial usage are weak. This protocol outlines the steps to undertake a systematic review to synthesize evidence on drivers of AMR and evaluate existing approaches to strengthening antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

New pyrrole derivatives as DNA gyrase and 14α-demethylase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, and molecular docking.

An efficient one-pot reaction utilizing readily available chemical reagents was used to prepare novel 2-amino-1,5-diaryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile derivatives and the structures of these compounds were validated by spectroscopic data and elemental analyses. All the synthetic compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities (MZI assay). The tested compounds proved high activities on Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Candida albicans (Pathogenic fungi).

Computer aided drug discovery (CADD) of a thieno[2,3-]pyrimidine derivative as a new EGFR inhibitor targeting the ribose pocket.

Depending on the pharmacophoric characteristics of EGFR inhibitors, a new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative has been developed. Firstly, the potential inhibitory effect of the designed compound against EGFR has been proven by docking experiments that showed correct binding modes and excellent binding energies of -98.44 and -88.

Design, synthesis, docking, and anticancer evaluations of new thiazolo[3,2-] pyrimidines as topoisomerase II inhibitors.

New thiazolopyrimidine derivatives and were synthesised. All prepared compounds were evaluated by MTT cytotoxicity assay against three human tumour cell lines. Compounds and exhibited potent to strong anticancer activity that was nearly comparable or superior to Doxorubicin.

Diaphragmatic excursion by ultrasound: reference values for the normal population; a cross-sectional study in Egypt.

Background: Measurement of diaphragmatic motion by ultrasound is being utilized in different aspects of clinical practice. Defining reference values of the diaphragmatic excursion is important to identify those with diaphragmatic motion abnormalities. This study aimed to define the normal range of diaphragmatic motion (reference values) by Mmode ultrasound for the normal population.

New benzothienopyrimidine derivatives as dual EGFR/ARO inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and their cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

New cytotoxic agents based on benzothienopyrimidine scaffold were designed, synthesized, and evaluated against the MCF-7 breast cancer line in comparison to erlotinib and letrozole as reference drugs. Eight compounds demonstrated up to 20-fold higher anticancer activity than erlotinib, and five of these compounds were up to 11-fold more potent than letrozole in MTT assay. The most promising compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against EGFR and ARO enzymes.

Cardiovascular system and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): mutual injuries and unexpected outcomes.

Background: Cardiovascular system involvement in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has gained great interest in the scientific community.

Main Body: Several studies reported increased morbidity and mortality among COVID-19 patients who had comorbidities, especially cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). COVID-19 may be associated with cardiovascular complications as arrhythmia, myocarditis, and thromboembolic events.

New benzothieno[2,3-]pyridines as non-steroidal CYP17 inhibitors: design, synthesis, anticancer screening, apoptosis induction, and ADME profile studies.

A series of [1]benzothieno[2,3-]pyridines was synthesised. Most compounds were chosen by NCI-USA to evaluate their anticancer activity. Compounds showed prominent growth inhibition against most cell lines.

Synthesis of certain benzothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as a selective SIRT2 inhibitors.

A series of new benzothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized. The National Cancer Institute (NCI, USA) evaluated all synthesized compounds against 60 human tumor cell lines. Most of the compounds showed good cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and UO-31 renal cancer cell line (growth inhibitory range: 17.

Effects of silver diamine fluoride/potassium iodide on artificial root caries lesions with adjunctive application of proanthocyanidin.

Treatment of carious root surfaces remains challenging due to the complex pathological processes and difficulty in restoring the original structure of root dentine. Current treatments targeting the de-/re-mineralisation processes are not entirely satisfactory in terms of the protection of the dentinal organic matrix and the highly organised structure of dentine. In this in vitro study, a cross-linking agent - proanthocyanidin (PA) was used in conjunction with a fluoride-based treatment - silver diamine fluoride/potassium iodide (SDF/KI) to putatively stabilise the organic dentinal framework as well as strengthen the collagen-mineral phase interaction.

The usefulness of thoracic ultrasonography in diagnosis and staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.

Aim: To evaluate (1) the usefulness of thoracic ultrasound in diagnosis and staging of bronchogenic carcinoma by comparing lesion detectability between thoracic- ultrasound and computed tomography and (2) the outcome of thoracic-ultrasound-guided biopsy in diagnosing bronchogenic carcinoma.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 53 patients of confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma. All patients had been investigated by thoracic-ultrasound and chest-computed tomography; data regarding the presence of mass (its size, necrosis), lymph nodes invasion, peritumoural atelectasis, consolidations, pleural effusion, chest wall invasion, and paralysis of the diaphragm were recorded.

The pattern of tuberculosis in Aswan Chest Hospital, Egypt.

Objective/background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem. The aim of this study was to examine the pattern of TB in Aswan Chest Hospital, Aswan, Egypt.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using medical records from the TB registry in Aswan Chest Hospital.

Chronic oozing skin lesions in children: Possible tuberculosis? Two case reports.

Cutaneous tuberculosis is frequently misleading and challenging, as it mimics a wide differential diagnosis. Here, we present two pediatric cases with chronic multiple ulcerating nodules. Proper history, physical examination, and histopathological analysis are included in the workup of suspected skin tuberculosis.