Vanillin attenuates thioacetamide-induced renal assault by direct and indirect mediation of the TGFβ, ERK and Smad signalling pathways in rats.

Inflammation and fibrosis are two pathological features of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Renal fibrosis is considered to be one of the most important conditions, as it may be the result of excessive extracellular matrix protein production and deposition, or prolonged exposure to nephrotoxic substances or drugs. Unfortunately, no suitable therapies or medications are currently available to prevent renal fibrosis.

Effect of DASH Diet Versus Healthy Dietary Advice on the Estimated Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most leading cause of mortality worldwide. Changes in diet can reduce subclinical cardiac injury and inflammation in parallel with reductions of other CVD risk factors.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effect of the DASH diet versus usual healthy dietary advice (HDA) on the estimated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).