Protective effects of phosphocreatine against Doxorubicin-Induced cardiotoxicity through mitochondrial function enhancement and apoptosis suppression via AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent chemotherapy drug, is limited by its cardiotoxic effects, which can lead to heart damage. This study explores the cardioprotective potential of Phosphocreatine (PCr) in vitro and in vivo models, focusing on its impact on the AMPK and PGC-1α pathways, apoptosis reduction, and mitochondrial function preservation. Advanced methodologies, including high-resolution respirometry (HRR), were employed to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics, AMPK activity, and apoptotic rates in cardiomyocytes.

Molecular dynamics of DNA repair and carcinogen interaction: Implications for cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic strategies.

The integrity of the genetic material in human cells is continuously challenged by environmental agents and endogenous stresses. Among these, environmental carcinogens are pivotal in initiating complex DNA lesions that can lead to malignant transformations if not properly repaired. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular dynamics of DNA repair mechanisms and their interplay with various environmental carcinogens, providing a comprehensive overview of how these interactions contribute to cancer initiation and progression.

Phosphocreatine attenuates doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of apoptosis, and restore mitochondrial function via activation of Nrf2 and PGC-1α pathways.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapy drug widely recognized for its efficacy in cancer treatment, unfortunately, has significant nephrotoxic effects leading to kidney damage. This study explores the nephroprotective potential of Phosphocreatine (PCr) in rats, specifically examining its influence on Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha) pathways, its role in apoptosis inhibition, and effectiveness in preserving mitochondrial function. The research employed in vivo experiments in rats, focusing on PCr's capacity to protect renal function against doxorubicin-induced damage.

Uncovering the Therapeutic Potential of Phosphocreatine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, causing damage to the delicate retinal capillaries and potentially leading to visual impairment. While the exact underlying cause of DR remains elusive, compelling research suggests that mitochondrial energy deficiency and the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play pivotal roles in its pathogenesis. Recognizing that controlling hyperglycemia alone fails to reverse the defects in retinal mitochondria induced by diabetes, current strategies seek to restore mitochondrial function as a means of safeguarding against DR.

Fisetin's Promising Antitumor Effects: Uncovering Mechanisms and Targeting for Future Therapies.

 Cancer remains a critical global health challenge and a leading cause of mortality. Flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables have gained attention for their potential anti-cancer properties. Fisetin, abundantly present in strawberries, apples, onions, and other plant sources, has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer prevention.

Procyanidins: A promising anti-diabetic agent with potential benefits on glucose metabolism and diabetes complications.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease with alarming worldwide health implications and high mortality rates, largely due to its complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Recent research has shown that procyanidins (PC), a type of flavonoid, have strong antioxidant and free radical elimination effects, and may be useful in improving glucose metabolism, enhancing pancreatic islet cell activity, and decreasing the prevalence of DM complications. This review article presents a systematic search for peer-reviewed articles on the use of PC in the treatment of DM, without any language restrictions.

Discovery and evaluation of chalcone derivatives as novel potential anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents.

Due to numerous side effects of traditional treatments for toxoplasmosis, it is urgent to develop new anti-Toxoplasma agents with high efficiency and low toxicity. In this study, using drug-food-homologous chalcone skeleton as a leading compound, 6 series of chalcone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and almost 1/2 compounds have good anti-Toxoplasma activity in vitro. The quantitative structure-activity relationship model of the anti-Toxoplasma activity of the second batch of compounds was established by random forest method (R = 0.

Pyroptosis in diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a sterile inflammatory disease, is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. However, recent evidence indicates that pyroptosis, a new term for pro-inflammatory cell death featured by gasdermin D (GSDMD)-stimulated plasma membrane pore generation, cell expansion and rapid lysis with the extensive secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and -18 (IL-18) may be involved in DN. Caspase-1-induced canonical and caspase-4/5/11-induced non-canonical inflammasome-signaling pathways are mainly believed to participate in pyroptosis-mediated cell death.

Betulinic Acid Enhances the Viability of Random-Pattern Skin Flaps by Activating Autophagy.

Random-pattern skin flap replantation is commonly used to repair skin defects during plastic and reconstructive surgery. However, flap necrosis due to ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion injury limits clinical applications. Betulinic acid, a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpene, may facilitate flap survival.