The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with pulmonary hypertension in association with hyperthyroid state: A systematic review.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) may occur in thyroid disorders, especially in hypothyroidism. However, there is increasing evidence of PHTN in hyperthyroidism (HTH). The etiology, clinical course, management, and factors associated with outcomes of PHTN in the setting of HTH are unascertained.

The effect of black seed (Nigella sativa) extract on lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells.

Black seed extract stimulates apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) gene expression in hepatocytes and intestinal cells in part by elevating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) levels. To explore potential ramifications of these observations, we examined the effects of black seed extract on hepatocyte lipid content and expression of key transcriptional regulators of fatty acid β-oxidation and lipogenesis in HepG2 cells. PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), RXRα, thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ), sterol-responsive element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), and sterol-responsive element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) levels were measured in black seed extract treated liver-derived HepG2 cells.

Successful use of the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients with renal transplant and diabetes: a case series and literature review.

Unlabelled: Management of patients with diabetes and renal transplant could be challenging. Transplant patients use multiple immune suppressants that can worsen or even trigger hyperglycemia. There are no data about the use of the new class of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor dapagliflozin in patients with renal transplant and diabetes.

A CASE OF HYPERPARATHYROIDISM TREATED WITH CINACALCET DURING PREGNANCY.

Objective: Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy is associated with increased maternal and neonatal complications. Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic medication that is used in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism; its use in pregnancy is limited to a few case reports.

Methods: Case report and literature review.

Pregnancy outcomes of early detected gestational diabetes: a retrospective comparison cohort study, Qatar.

Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes in patients with early versus usual gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Settings: The Women's Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar.

Outcomes of type 1 diabetes mellitus in pregnancy; effect of excessive gestational weight gain and hyperglycaemia on fetal growth.

Aims: To study pregnancy outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the factors associated with poor outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study of 110 patients with T2DM who attended our diabetes in pregnancy clinic at the Women's Wellness and Research centre, Doha, between March 2015 and December 2016 and 1419 normoglycaemic controls.

Results: There was no difference in age, weight, and BMI between the two groups.

A pilot study using flash continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type-2 diabetes on multiple anti-diabetic agents during Ramadan.

Background: This study aims to examine the incidence of hypoglycaemia, based on activity, during Ramadan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were on were on three or more anti-diabetic medications.

Methods: Type 2 diabetes patients who fasted during Ramadan and were on three or more anti-diabetic medications were studied for two weeks using flash glucose monitoring. The patients were asked to document all episodes of hypoglycaemia and were classified as active or sedentary according to their daytime activity.

MicroRNA-122 as a Novel Non-Invasive Marker of Liver Fibrosis in Hepatitis C Virus Patients.

Background: Noninvasive evaluation of hepatic fibrosis is a growing scientific effort in medicine and is of particular interest as early diagnosis is important for the timely prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis have recently been developed as an alternative to liver biopsy. Aim of the work: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of serum microRNA 122 in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C virus infected patients.

Induction of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by black seed (Nigella sativa) extracts.

Context: Black seed [Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae)] has been shown in animal models to lower serum cholesterol levels.

Objectives: In order to determine if extracts from black seed have any effects on high-density lipoprotein (HDL), we characterized the effects of black seed extract on apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) gene expression, the primary protein component of HDL.

The effect of black seed (Nigella sativa) extract on FOXO3 expression in HepG2 cells.

Black seed extracts are known to alter cellular metabolism through multiple signaling pathways. Since Forkhead box transcription factor 3 (FOXO3) has a significant role in regulating cellular metabolism, the effect of lipid extracts of black seed (Sativa nigella) on FOXO3 levels and AKT and 5-AMP activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) signaling was measured in HepG2 hepatoma cells. FOXO3 levels, phosphorylation, and nuclear exclusion were measured by Western blot, as were AKT and AMPK expression and activity using phosphorylation-specific antibodies.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in HepG2 cells inhibits apolipoprotein A-I secretion.

Aims: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress modulates gene expression and has been implicated in causing dyslipidemias. To determine if ER stress may contribute to hypoalphalipoproteinemia through suppression of apo A-I gene expression, human hepatoma cell line Hep G2 was treated with ER stress inducers and the changes in apo A-I gene expression were compared to albumin gene expression.

Main Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with tunicamycin (TM) and thapsigargin (TG), two potent inducers of ER stress, and apo A-I and albumin protein levels, mRNA levels, and promoter activity were measured.

Induction of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4 in hepatocytes but not intestinal cells.

Objective: Diabetic dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for the development of macrovascular complications. Recent clinical trials suggest that diabetics treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have normalized lipid levels, including an increase in plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) levels.

Methods: To determine if GLP-1 (7-36 amide) and the GLP-1-like insulinotropic peptide exendin-4 regulate expression of apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the primary anti-atherogenic component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HepG2 hepatocytes and Caco-2 intestinal cells, representative of tissues that express the majority of apo A-I, were treated with increasing amounts of each peptide and apo A-I gene expression was measured in the conditioned medium.

Effects of resveratrol on acoustic trauma.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to test the ability of resveratrol to protect the auditory system from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated noise damage. Oxidative stress is mediated by ROS, which are known to cause cellular and molecular damage. Interfering with this process, using ROS inhibitors/scavengers such as antioxidants has shown promise in protecting specific systems from oxidative damage.