Unlabelled: A short review of the biological and epidemiological established causal role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in all types of cervical cancer most cancers of the vagina and anus of the cancer of the vulva, penis, and oropharynx, as and other types of cancer causally related to HPV such as skin cancer, melanoma and cancers of the conjunctiva exposure of other sexually transmissible infections (STD), such as Chlamydia trachomatis as co-factors that modify risk are required for transfer of cervical HPV infection to cancer.
Purpose: By comparing changes in smears in Papanycolau /PAP/ patients with chlamydial and nehlamidialen endotservitsit to assess the involvement of Chlamydia trachomatis as a cofactor for the development of cancer.
Study Design: Prospective study results direct immunofluorescence study /DIF/ for Chlamydia trachomatis and results in PAP smears.