Nickel-Catalyzed O-Arylation of N-Protected Amino Alcohols with (Hetero)aryl Chlorides.

The aryloxyamine motif is a prominent pharmacophore in drug design and development. While these biologically relevant structures could in principle be sustainably assembled from the base metal-catalyzed O-arylation of inexpensive and abundant amino alcohols with (hetero)aryl chlorides, reports of such challenging C-O bond formations with useful scope are lacking. In response, we report herein the hitherto unknown Ni-catalyzed C-O cross-coupling of N-protected amino alcohols (primary, secondary, and tertiary) with (hetero)aryl chlorides.

Community engagement and local governance for health equity through trust: lessons from developing the CONNECT Initiative in the Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Community engagement and local governance are important components of health interventions aiming to empower local populations. Yet, there is limited evidence on how to effectively engage with communities and codevelop interventions, especially in Southeast Asian contexts. Despite rapid progress, the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) still has high maternal and child mortality, with essential service coverage showing significant disparities across socioeconomic strata.

Matricellular protein CCN1 promotes collagen alignment and scar integrity after myocardial infarction.

Background: Members of the cellular communication network family (CCN) of matricellular proteins, like CCN1, have long been implicated in the regulation of cellular processes underlying wound healing, tissue fibrogenesis, and collagen dynamics. While many studies suggest antifibrotic actions for CCN1 in the adult heart through the promotion of myofibroblast senescence, they largely relied on exogenous supplementation strategies in in vivo models of cardiac injury where its expression is already induced-which may confound interpretation of its function in this process. The objective of this study was to interrogate the role of the endogenous protein on fibroblast function, collagen structural dynamics, and its associated impact on cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI).

Community engagement for stakeholder and community trust in healthcare: Short-term evaluation findings from a nationwide initiative in Lao PDR.

Background: Trust remains a critical concept in healthcare provision, but little is known about the ability of health policy and interventions to stimulate more trusting relationships between communities and the health system. The CONNECT (Community Network Engagement for Essential Healthcare and COVID-19 Responses Through Trust) Initiative in Lao PDR provided an opportunity to assess the community-level impact of a trust-building community engagement approach.

Methods: A mixed-method process evaluation was implemented from 10/2022-12/2023 among 14 diverse case study communities in four provinces across Lao PDR.

Reaching the unreached through building trust: a mixed-method study on COVID-19 vaccination in rural Lao PDR.

Introduction: The global COVID-19 vaccine rollout has been impacted by socioeconomic disparities and vaccine hesitancy, but few studies examine reasons for changed attitudes. In Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), a nationwide government-led initiative was developed in response to COVID-19, focused on community health ownership and trust in primary healthcare. The intervention team including health and governance sectors conducted capacity-building workshops with local staff and community representatives and visited villages for vaccination outreach.

Trust in healthcare: methodological and conceptual insights from mixed-method research in Lao People's Democratic Republic.

Background: Global health foregrounds trust as a key requirement for the achievement of international health initiatives, but it remains an elusive concept that is often mobilised without consideration of its dimensions, drivers and downstream behavioural consequences. This paper aims to contribute to the conceptual development and measurement of 'patient trust in primary healthcare' from the lower middle-income country perspective of rural Lao PDR.

Methods: A two-phase mixed-method research design was implemented between January 2021 and April 2023.

Reducing the environmental impact of mask inductions in children: A quality improvement report.

Background: Inhalational anesthetic agents are potent greenhouse gases with global warming potential that far exceed that of carbon dioxide. Traditionally, pediatric inhalation inductions are achieved with a volatile anesthetic delivered to the patient in oxygen and nitrous oxide at high fresh gas flows. While contemporary volatile anesthetics and anesthesia machines allow for a more environmentally conscious induction, practice has not changed.

An Assessment of State-Level Planning for Physical Activity Promotion in the United States.

The prevalence and attributable risk of disease due to physical inactivity require it to be made a public health priority. Public health planning allows for prioritization and resource allocation, particularly at the state and local levels. The extent to which state planning efforts for physical activity exist in the United States is unknown.

Longitudinal assessment of mental health after a flood: roles of social support, hope, recovery stressors, and prior lifetime trauma.

Objectives: Severe weather events have mental health consequences for survivors that may change over time. We assessed post-flood mental health longitudinally in three groups of mostly middle-aged and older adults who varied in current and prior severe weather experiences.

Method: Predictors of central interest were age, perceived social support, state hope (including agency and pathways), recovery stressors, and prior lifetime trauma.

Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall.

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall (Elliott et al., 2021) revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought (Flavell et al., 1966), but did not identify sources of individual differences.

The Detection of Periodic Reemergence Events of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Strain in Communities Dominated by Omicron.

Despite entering an endemic phase, SARS-CoV-2 remains a significant burden to public health across the global community. Wastewater sampling has consistently proven utility to understanding SARS-CoV-2 prevalence trends and genetic variation as it represents a less biased assessment of the corresponding communities. Here, we report that ongoing monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variation in samples obtained from the wastewatersheds of the city of Louisville in Jefferson county Kentucky has revealed the periodic reemergence of the Delta strain in the presence of the presumed dominant Omicron strain.

Medication safety in pediatric anesthesia: An educational review and a call to action.

Children presenting for anesthesia are at high risk for medication error during their care. In this educational review, we address the rates of medication error in pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia, why they are at higher risk than adults, and why reporting chronically underestimates the number of medication errors incurred during the anesthetic care of children. We also introduce the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation and Wake Up Safe, two safety organizations that have led the call to decrease medication errors.

Deconfounding serial recall: Response timing and the overarching role of grouping.

We used the timing of serial recall in several situations to reveal important aspects of recall groupings that participants construct and the reasons those groupings occur. We examined the timing of responses in the recall of digit strings within two published experiments. Cowan, Saults, Elliott, and Moreno (2002) examined memory for nine-item lists in a way that deconfounded the presentation modality, input versus output serial position (using a varied starting point of recall), memory load from items not yet recalled (using whole vs.

Combining Community Wastewater Genomic Surveillance with State Clinical Surveillance: A Framework for SARS-CoV-2 Public Health Practice.

This study aimed to develop a framework for combining community wastewater surveillance with state clinical surveillance for the confirmation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants within the community and to provide recommendations on how to expand on such research and apply the findings in public health responses. Wastewater samples were collected weekly from 17 geographically resolved locations in Louisville/Jefferson County, Kentucky (USA), from February 10 to December 13, 2021. Genomic surveillance and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) platforms were used to screen for SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater, and state clinical surveillance was used for confirmation.

Religiosity and Social Support Predict Resilience in Older Adults After a Flood.

In this study, we examined religiosity and social support as predictors of resilience after a devastating flood. Three flood exposure groups of primarily middle-aged and older adults were compared: (1) non-flooded adults as controls, (2) once-flooded adults with structural damage to homes and property in the 2016 flood, and (3) twice-flooded adults who had relocated inland because of prior catastrophic losses in the 2005 Hurricanes Katrina and Rita and then flooded again in 2016. Resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Examining an Alternative Scoring Procedure for a Clinical Working Memory Measure.

The Digit Span test is a widely used working memory measure. However, when using standardized scoring procedures, previous studies have demonstrated inconsistent relationships between Digit Span subtests and working memory measures frequently used in cognitive psychology experiments. Partial scoring involves awarding credit for all digits recalled in the correct serial location, whereas traditional scoring involves only awarding credit for a trial if all digits are recalled in the correct serial location.

Decomposing the role of rehearsal in auditory distraction during serial recall.

According to the interference-by-process mechanism of auditory distraction, irrelevant changing sounds interfere with subvocal articulatory-motor sequencing during rehearsal. However, previous attempts to limit rehearsal with concurrent articulation and examine the residual irrelevant sound effect have limited both cumulative rehearsal as well as the initial assembly of articulatory-phonological labels. The current research decomposed rehearsal into these two levels of articulatory-phonological sequencing: silent concurrent articulation limits the availability of both serial repetition and articulatory-phonological recoding; rapid serial visual presentation allows for articulatory-phonological recoding but presents items too quickly for cumulative serial repetition.

High-fat diet induces an ovulatory defect associated with dysregulated endothelin-2 in mice.

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption in female rodents causes impaired estrous cyclicity, fewer pups per litter, and dysregulation of key ovulatory genes suggesting that HFD-induced subfertility may be due to ovulatory dysfunction. To test this hypothesis female mice were fed chow or HFD for 10 weeks at which point ovulation and ovarian gene expression of endothelin-2 (Edn2), a gene critical for ovulation, were assessed. After 10 weeks of HFD, both mice that remained lean and those that became obese had fewer ovulated oocytes than chow controls (P = 0.

Strategic encoding and retrieval processes in verbal recall among middle-aged and older adults.

The authors used an analysis of individual differences to examine the role of executive control in strategic encoding and retrieval in verbal recall. Participants enrolled in the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study completed measures of working memory (WM), cognitive status, vocabulary, and free recall of words. Indices of clustering in free recall were calculated to permit inferences on strategic encoding and retrieval processes.

Musical training mediates the relation between working memory capacity and preference for musical complexity.

Previous research has examined the relationships among cognitive variables and musical training, but relatively less attention has addressed downstream effects of musical training on other psychological domains, such as aesthetic preference, and the potential impact of domain-general constructs, such as working memory. Accordingly, the present study sought to draw links between musical training, working memory capacity, and preference for musical complexity. Participants were assessed for their experience with musical training, their working-memory capacity, and their preference for musical complexity.

Multiyear Measurements on ΔO of Stream Nitrate Indicate High Nitrate Production in a Temperate Forest.

Nitrification is a crucial step in ecosystem nitrogen (N) cycling, but scaling up from plot-based measurements of gross nitrification to catchments is difficult. Here, we employed a newly developed method in which the oxygen isotope anomaly (ΔO) of nitrate (NO) is used as a natural tracer to quantify in situ catchment-scale gross nitrification rate (GNR) for a temperate forest from 2014 to 2017 in northeastern China. The annual GNR ranged from 71 to 120 kg N ha yr (average 94 ± 10 kg N ha yr) over the 4 years in this forest.