Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Manganism: A Narrative Review and Laboratory Recommendations.

In recent years, a series of articles has been published concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in a group of patients exposed to manganism, specifically factory workers, welders, and individuals with liver diseases, as well as those abusing home-produced ephedrone. Some potential symptoms of manganese toxicity include motor disturbances, neurocognitive problems, sleep disorders, and psychosocial changes. Despite various publications on MRI research in individuals with an elevated risk of manganism, there is a noticeable absence of a comprehensive review in this field.

Reasons, Form of Ingestion and Side Effects Associated with Consumption of .

In recent months, there has been a new trend involving the consumption of . The aim of this article was to investigate the reasons for consumption, the form taken and the adverse symptoms that were indicated by those consuming . After analysing 5600 comments, 684 people were included in the study, who, in social media groups such as Facebook, stated the purpose of consuming the mushroom (n = 250), the form of mushroom they were taking (n = 198) or the adverse symptoms they experienced (n = 236).

Matrix metalloproteinase-3 serum levels in schizophrenic patients.

Objectives: It has been reported that matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-3 may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of mental disorders. However, there are no data on the level of MMP-3 in people suffering from schizophrenia, or its influence on the mental state of these people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an antipsychotic treatment on the blood levels of MMP-3, as well as investigating its relationship with insight into schizophrenia.

Manganese concentration in patients with encephalopathy following ephedrone use: a narrative review and analysis of case reports.

Background: Numerous case reports describe manganese encephalopathy in patients using ephedrone (methcathinone). The aim of this narrative review of case reports was to relate manganese ion concentrations in peripheral blood to the reported neurological deficits.

Methods: International databases, including Thomson (Web of Knowledge), PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched for literature items published between 2007 and 2020, in which the authors measured the manganese concentration in patients taking ephedrone.

Psychoactive Substances Taken with Mephedrone and HCV Infection.

Background: In recent years, the observed frequency of hospitalization of patients taking mephedrone with other psychoactive substances has increased. There are no data in the literature on the effect of mephedrone use on liver function in patients, including the frequency of HCV infection. We have analysed the impact of taking mephedrone together with other psychoactive substances on the incidence of HCV infection.

Increasing the Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy in Psychiatry by Using a Pharmacological Interaction Database.

Recent studies have shown that the knowledge of pharmacological interaction databases in global psychiatry is negligible. The frequency of hospitalizations in the case of patients taking new psychoactive substances along with other drugs continues to increase, very often resulting in the need for polypharmacotherapy. The aim of our research was to make members of the worldwide psychiatric community aware of the need to use a pharmacological interaction database in their daily work.

Pharmacotherapy of Patients Taking New Psychoactive Substances: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Case Reports.

In recent years, an increase in the frequency of hospitalizations of patients taking newer and newer psychoactive substances has been observed around the world. Each year, authors publish case reports of patients who consumed previously unknown NPS. Most publications of this type concern the period between 2014 and 2016.

Effectiveness of the methadone programme in the treatment of patients on a mephedrone binge and dependent on heroin: a retrospective study, 2010-19.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the methadone programme in a group of patients taking mephedrone with heroin. The research involved 230 people who took part in the methadone programme between 2010 and 2019: 101 people on a mephedrone binge and taking heroin and 129 people addicted to heroin. Number of re-hospitalisations was higher in a group of patients on a mephedrone binge taking heroin in comparison to heroin dependent patients (91.

Optimisation of methadone treatment in a group of patients on a mephedrone binge and dependent on many psychoactive substances.

In recent years, an increase in the frequency of hospitalisations of patients on a mephedrone binge has been observed. The literature lacks data on the optimisation of methadone treatment in this group of people. The study included 601 patients who took mephedrone on a regular basis between 2010 and 2018.

Ionized magnesium in plasma and erythrocytes for the assessment of low magnesium status in alcohol dependent patients.

Background: Studies on the homeostasis of magnesium in alcohol-dependent patients have often been characterized by low hypomagnesemia detection rates. This may be due to the fact that the content of magnesium in blood serum constitutes only 1% of the average magnesium level within the human body. However, the concentration of ionized magnesium is more physiologically important and makes up 67% of the total magnesium within a human organism.

Magnesium in schizophrenia.

Many psychopathological symptoms, including schizophrenia, can be associated with magnesium metabolism disturbances. In the literature, contradictory data exist regarding magnesium levels in patients with this disorder. However, this situation might be caused by determination of extracellular concentration of magnesium; although, this is mainly an intracellular ion.

Hyponatremia effect in patients with alcohol dependence on their physical and mental health status.

Hyponatremia, i.e. reduction of sodium level in the blood plasma below 135 mmol/L, is one of the most common electrolyte disorders occurring in people addicted to alcohol.

Occurrence of fungi and fungus-like organisms in the Horodnianka River in the vicinity of Białystok, Poland.

Studies of fungi and fungus- like organisms in the northeastern Poland have mainly concentrated on running waters in the vicinity of Białystok, including the Horodnianka River. The main objective was to investigate biodiversity of fungi and fungus-like organisms which take part in decomposition of organic matter commonly found in inland waters. To obtain a complete picture of species composition of fungi and fungus-like organisms in running waters we decided to explore representative sites of the Horodnianka River such as Olmonty, Hryniewicze and Horodniany with close localization of landfill.