Poststroke Delirium Clinical Motor Subtypes: The PRospective Observational POLIsh Study (PROPOLIS).

Objective: Although delirium is the most common neurobehavioral complication after stroke, its motor subtypes-hypoactive, hyperactive, mixed, and none-as well as their risk factors are not well characterized. Motor subtypes influence recognition and prognosis of delirium in hospitalized patients.

Methods: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the frequency of poststroke delirium subtypes and to describe their predictive models.

Reduced ex vivo release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and elevated plasma interleukin-6 are inflammatory signatures of post-stroke delirium.

Background: Experimental studies suggest that systemic inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of delirium. The aim of our study was to determine blood-derived inflammatory signatures of post-stroke delirium.

Methods: We included 144 ischemic stroke patients.

Thymus imaging in myasthenia gravis: The relevance in clinical practice.

Introduction: The ability to distinguish between normal thymus, thymic hyperplasia, and thymoma should aid clinical management and decision making in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). We sought to determine the accuracy of routine imaging in predicting thymic pathology.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed records of patients with MG from the Oxford Myasthenia Centre registry who had undergone thymectomy.

The association between plasma endotoxin, endotoxin pathway proteins and outcome after ischemic stroke.

Background And Aims: In animals, peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection before cerebral ischemia exacerbates neurological deficit, impairs survival and augments sickness behaviour. The goal of our study was to determine a relationship between plasma LPS, LPS pathway proteins (LPS binding protein (LBP) and sCD14) and outcome in stroke patients.

Methods: We included 335 patients with ischemic stroke.

Reduced release of TNFα and IP-10 after ex vivo blood stimulation with endotoxin is associated with poor outcome after stroke.

Background And Aims: The immune response to acute cerebral ischemia plays an important role in the pathophysiology of stroke and could be a therapeutic target. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a master regulator of innate immunity. The aim of our study was to determine the association between selected cytokine release after TLR4 activation in blood cells and the outcome after ischemic stroke.

Pre-stroke apathy symptoms are associated with an increased risk of delirium in stroke patients.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms can be interrelated to delirium. We aimed to investigate an association between pre-stroke neuropsychiatric symptoms and the risk of delirium in stroke patients. We included 606 patients (median age: 73, 53% female) with stroke or transient ischemic attack admitted within 48 hours from symptoms onset.

Knowns and Unknowns About Delirium in Stroke: A Review.

Delirium is a transient condition characterized by sudden and fluctuating disturbances in cognitive function. The condition can be considered a sign of the brain's vulnerability and diminished resilience to insult. Among the many clinical manifestations are cognitive, psychomotor, and sleep disturbances.

Plasma endotoxin activity rises during ischemic stroke and is associated with worse short-term outcome.

Background: Activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) contributes to brain injury and poor outcome after cerebral ischemia. The expression of this receptor on monocytes is increased in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Endotoxin is an endogenous ligand for TLR4.

Mild Cognitive Impairment as a single sign of brain hemiatrophy in patient with Localized Scleroderma and Parry-Romberg Syndrome.

Neurologic involvement is well recognized in Systemic Scleroderma and increasingly reported in Localized Scleroderma. MRI brain abnormalities are often associated with symptoms such as seizures or headaches. In some cases they may be clinically silent.

PRospective Observational POLIsh Study on post-stroke delirium (PROPOLIS): methodology of hospital-based cohort study on delirium prevalence, predictors and diagnostic tools.

Background: Between 10 % to 48 % of patients develop delirium in acute phase of stroke. Delirium determinants and its association with other neuropsychiatric disturbances in stroke are poorly understood. The wildly accepted predictive model of post-stroke delirium is still lacking.