Introduction: Ultrasound-guided fine- needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) remains the primary method for diagnosing thyroid nodules, providing adequate information for definitive diagnosis and treatment decisions in most cases. However, cytological examinations sometimes yield inconclusive or non-diagnostic results. For rapidly growing tumours with suspected malignancy, a swift and accurate diagnosis is crucial to initiate timely treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ultrasonography is a primary method used in the evaluation of thyroid nodules, but no single feature of this method predicts malignancy with high accuracy. Therefore, this paper aims to assess the utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
Methods: The study group comprised 188 adult patients (155 women and 33 men) who preoperatively underwent CEUS of a thyroid nodule classified as Bethesda categories II-VI after fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
Introduction: The latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification from 2022 distinguishes the division of low-risk thyroid neoplasms such as non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), follicular tumour of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP), and well-differentiated tumour of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP). The final diagnosis is made postoperatively according to histopathologic results. The aim of the study was the assessment of ultrasonographic and cytopathological features of borderline lesions to predict low-risk tumours preoperatively and plan the optimal treatment for that group of patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recognizing the parathyroid gland and distinguishing the parathyroid from thyroid lesions in fine needle aspiration (FNA) is challenging. This study aimed to identify cytomorphologic features suggestive of parathyroid origin and to assess the utility of cytopathology in conjunction with ancillary tests in the identification of parathyroid glands.
Materials And Methods: Ultrasound (US) guided FNA of parathyroid gland and lesions in 81 patients were reviewed concerning clinical history and correlated to histopathologic findings in available cases.
Limited evidence exists regarding the 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) avidity of Warthin tumors, the second most common benign parotid gland tumor. This study aims to clarify this aspect by analyzing patients who underwent FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and quantifying tumor standardized uptake values (SUV). Medical records of 29 patients with fine needle aspiration (FNA)-confirmed Warthin tumors who underwent FDG-PET/CT near the diagnosis of Warthin tumor were reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary FNA diagnosis of brown tumour is challenging because overlapping of cytomorphologic features with other giant cell lesions. Clinical information, imaging and laboratory tests benefits the correct diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A causal link between microbiota composition (dysbiosis) and oncogenesis has been demonstrated for several types of cancer. Neutrophils play a role in both immune protection against bacterial threats and carcinogenesis. This study aimed to characterise intratumoral bacteria in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) and their putative effect on neutrophil recruitment and cancer progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe guidelines Thyroid Cancer 2022 are prepared based on previous Polish recommendations updated in 2018. They consider international guidelines - American Thyroid Association (ATA) 2015 and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN); however, they are adapted according to the ADAPTE process. The strength of the recommendations and the quality of the scientific evidence are assessed according to the GRADE system and the ATA 2015 and NCCN recommendations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
June 2022
Objectives: This study aimed to determine human papillomavirus (HPV) status and genotypes, the HPV status-dependent survival, and the applicability of the eighth TNM classification in Polish patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).
Study Design: All patients with primary OPSCC, diagnosed and treated from 2007 to 2017 at the National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland, who underwent radical radiotherapy were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was deployed to produce 3- and 5-year observed survival (OS) estimates.
Introduction: Approximately 35% patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 13% with follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) present with metastases of cervical lymph nodes (LNs) at the time of diagnosis. In addition, 15-20% of patients treated with total thyroidectomy develop, after an interval of five years, metastases to the neck LNs on ultrasound examination. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) represents the gold standard technique for the detection of cervical LNs metastases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe data demonstrating a correlation between sonographic markers of malignancy of thyroid cancer (TC) and its genetic status are scarce. This study aimed to assess whether the addition of genetic analysis at the preoperative step of TC patients' stratification could aid their clinical management. The material consisted of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor fragments of 49 patients who underwent thyroidectomy during the early stages of papillary TC (PTC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Uterine carcinosarcoma is a very aggressive neoplasm. Patients' median age at diagnosis ranges from 62 to 67 years. The aim of this study was to compare treatment results and prognostic factors for residents of urban and rural areas suffering from uterine carcinosarcoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) spreads early and mainly locally direct expansion into adjacent structures, followed by lymphatic metastasis to the regional lymph nodes (LNs). In the lymphatic metastasis, cancer cells bearing CXCR4 and ACKR3 (CXCR7) receptors are recruited to the LNs that produce the CXCL12 ligand. Our study aimed to assess the role of the CXCR4/ACKR3/CXCL12 axis in VSCC progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent knowledge on the biology of squamous cell vulvar carcinoma (VSCC) is limited. We aimed to identify protein markers of VSCC tumors that would permit to stratify patients by progression risk. Early-stage tumors from patients who progressed (progVSCC) and from those who were disease-free (d-fVSCC) during follow-up, along with normal vulvar tissues were examined by mass spectrometry-based proteomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) originates from the progression of either a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or differentiated-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN), often in a background of (LS). The mechanisms leading to the progression of these premalignant lesions to VSCC are elusive. This study aims to identify pathogenic mutations implicated in VSCC development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intra-observer variability and accuracy of ultrasound assessment of thyroid nodules using a descriptive lexicon. A prospective study was performed on complete ultrasound examinations, including sonoelastography and color Doppler ultrasound of 18 patients with 20 thyroid nodules. A total of 20 records of thyroid nodules from these techniques were duplicated, numbered, and randomly arranged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNumerous TIRADS (Thyroid Image Reporting and Data System) classifications have been developed, and various ultrasound (US) parameters are employed in different countries. The aim of our study was to introduce risk classification and management in a native population based on the Guidelines of Polish National Societies Diagnostics and Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma but with the addition of sonoelastography. We examined prospectively 208 patients with 305 thyroid lesions employing B-mode ultrasound and sonoelastography (SE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) constitutes over 90% of vulvar cancer. Its pathogenesis can follow two different pathways; high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)-dependent and HPV-independent. Due to the rarity of VSCC, molecular mechanisms underlying VSCC development remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant expression of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) and the resistance to post-operative radioactive iodide treatment is a crucial cause of higher mortality of some thyroid cancer patients. In this study, we analyzed the impact of miR-146a on the expression and function of NIS and on the overall survival of thyroid cancer patients. The study included 2441 patients (2163 women; 278 men); including 359 cases with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (fvPTC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of circulating microRNAs as a promising tool for diagnosing cancer and monitoring anticancer therapies has been widely studied in the past decades. To date, no suitable reference microRNAs for normalizing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays has been identified in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to select appropriate references for gene expression studies in plasma of patients with these lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndometrial stromal tumors include translocation-associated low- and high-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) and highly malignant undifferentiated uterine sarcomas (UUS). UUS is considered a poorly defined group of aggressive tumors and is often seen as a diagnosis of exclusion after ESS and leiomyosarcoma (LMS) have been ruled out. We performed a comprehensive analysis of gene expression, copy number variation, point mutations, and immune cell infiltrates in the largest series to date of all major types of uterine sarcomas to shed light on the biology of UUS and to identify potential novel therapeutic targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aims of our study were to determine whether shear wave elastography (SWE) can improve the conventional B-mode differentiation of thyroid lesions, determine the most accurate SWE parameter for differentiation and assess the influence of microcalcifications and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis on SWE values. We examined 119 patients with 169 thyroid nodules who prospectively underwent B-mode ultrasound and SWE using the same ultrasound machine. The parameters assessed using SWE were: mean elasticity within the entire lesion (SWE-whole) and mean (SWE-mean) and maximum (SWE-max) elasticity for a 2-mm-diameter region of interest in the stiffest portion of the lesion, excluding microcalcifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a modern method for the assessment of tissue stiffness. There has been a growing interest in the use of this technique for characterizing thyroid focal lesions, including preoperative diagnostics.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical usefulness of SWE in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) diagnostics.
Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) is a rare neoplasm which usually follows an indolent clinical course. The cytologic diagnosis of HTT can be challenging as these neoplasms share cytomorphological features with other thyroid neoplasms and paraganglioma. In fine-needle aspiration (FNA) smears a diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) or suspicion of PTC is often made.
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