DNA Damage in Bat Blood Leukocytes Using a Chromatin Dispersion Test (CDT): Biomarker of Environmental Genotoxicity.

Environmental pollutants produce adverse effects on organisms and ecosystems. Biomonitoring and biomarkers offer a reasonable approach to make these assessments. Induced genetic changes can be using as a biomarker in organisms that react to a given compound in the ecosystem.

DBD-FISH Using Specific Chromosomal Region Probes for the Study of Cervical Carcinoma Progression.

Genomic instability is an important biomarker in the progression of cervical carcinoma. DBD-FISH (DNA breakage detection-fluorescence in situ hybridization) is a sensitive method that detects strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, and incomplete DNA excision repair in cells of the cervical epithelium. This technique integrates the microgel immersion of cells from a vaginal lesion scraping and the DNA unwinding treatment with the capacity of FISH integrated into digital image analysis.

Metal Contents in Feathers from Birds (Rhynchopsitta terrisi, and Columba livia) with Different Ecological Niches.

The metal contaminants can be utilized as an ecological tool to analyze niche partition in birds. As environmental contamination biological indicators, essential (Zn, Cu, and Cr) and non-essential (Pb and Cd) metals in the flight feathers of the Maroon-fronted Parrot and Pigeon with different ecological niches were assessed. The feathers of the parrot were gathered at a national park (Parque Nacional Cumbres de Monterrey) and the feathers of pigeons were collected at an urban site, that is, the city of Monterrey, Mexico.

Evaluation of DNA damage in obese children using the chromatin dispersion test.

Childhood obesity predicts adult obesity and may increase the lifetime risk of adverse health outcomes. Obesity is characterized by oxidative stress that can induce DNA damage; however, studies of childhood and adolescent obesity are scarce. We investigated DNA damage due to obesity in Mexican children using the chromatin dispersion test (CDT).

Chromatin Dispersion Test to Asses DNA Damage in Cervical Epithelial Cells.

The chromatin dispersion test (CDT) is based on the removal of nuclear proteins under the assumption that cells with fragmented DNA produce a typical halo of circular DNA loops, which is absent in cells with non-fragmented DNA. This method represents a simple, rapid, accurate, highly reproducible, and inexpensive technique to assess nuclear DNA damage in somatic cells. The visualization of DNA damage and the capacity of the test to provide a threshold value to discriminate between high and low levels of cervical lesions would aid in determining the malignant transformation.

Thermal stress induces pyknosis in pigeon erythrocytes: digital image analysis.

Pyknosis or hypercondensation of chromatin is informative in the understanding of nucleosomal packing in translationally inactive chromatin and in the compression of cell death. However, mechanisms that result in the formation of avian erythrocytes with variant nuclear morphology are poorly understood. In this work, we evaluated pyknosis in pigeon erythrocytes treated with thermal stress using Digital Image Analysis (DIA).

Quick assessment of DNA damage in cervical epithelial cells using a chromatin dispersion test.

Purpose: This study was aimed to quantify genomic DNA breakages in the cervical epithelium cells of patients diagnosed with different grades of cervical lesions using a quick test based on chromatin dispersion after controlled protein depletion. The association between the progressive stages of cervical dysplasia and the levels of DNA damage, taking into account the presence of papillomavirus human (HPV) infection, was investigated.

Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted during 2018 with a sample of 78 women grouped according to histological diagnosis as follows: 23 women with low grade-squamous intraepithelial lesion (LG-SIL), 34 women with high grade- squamous intraepithelial lesion (HG-SIL), and three women with cervical carcinoma (CC).

DBD-FISH, an effective marker for detecting genotoxicity in buccal mucosa exfoliated cells of patients with oral cancer.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by increased genetic instability as an essential variable of event of neoplastic transformation. The aim of this study was to evaluate genomic instability in exfoliated cells from the buccal mucosa of patients with OSCC . the control group, using DNA Breakage Detection/Fluorescence hybridization (DBD-FISH).

Evaluation of the genotoxic effect of heavy metals in pigeons from urban and rural habitat in Monterrey, Mexico, using the chromatin dispersion assay.

Purpose: Evaluate genotoxic effect of heavy metals on Pigeon Erythrocytes (PE) from urban and rural habitat (outside of the city) in Monterrey, Mexico, using the chromatin dispersion assay.

Materials And Methods: We quantified metals concentrations (Cd, Hg, Cu and Pb) in tail feathers of 22 pigeons from an urban and a rural site in northeastern Mexico. DNA damage in peripheral blood erythrocytes was measured by chromatin dispersion assay in 13 pigeon living in urban habitat and in nine living in rural habitat as the control.

Human papillomavirus as a single infection in pregnant women from Northeastern Mexico: Cross-sectional study.

Background: The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) as single or multiple infections in pregnant women would be relevant to determine the time to progression and/or the time to regression of cervical lesions.

Objective: In this preliminary study, we determined the prevalence of HPV as single or multiple infections in pregnant women from Northeastern Mexico.

Materials And Methods: Samples from 31 pregnant and 62 nonpregnant women were examined between January 2015 and November 2015 at UMAE-23 of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS).

Detection of DNA damage in pigeon erythrocytes using a chromatin dispersion assay.

The monitoring of environmental genotoxicity requires the selection of model organisms as 'sentinels' as well as the development of sensitive and reliable tests for the assessment of DNA damage. The aims of this study were to quantify genomic DNA strand breakage in the erythrocytes of induced by thermal stress using the modified chromatin dispersion test and to validate the results by alkaline comet assay and DNA breakage detection-fluorescence hybridization (DBD-FISH). The chromatin dispersion test allowed for clear visualization of erythrocyte cells with DNA damage and of cells with no DNA damage.

Characterization of DNA cleavage produced by seminal plasma using leukocytes as a cell target.

Numerous studies have shown the presence of DNA lesions in human spermatozoa affecting sperm quality. However, the nature of this anomaly and its relationship with patient etiology are poorly understood since different mechanisms can be involved in the formation of these novel DNA configurations including the action of a seminal plasma nuclease activity. The objective of this study was to assess the capacity of seminal plasma for producing endogenous DNA cleavage using nuclei of peripheral blood leukocytes as external targets.

Chromosome segregation and chromatin integrity in spermatozoa from a t(2;8)(p24;p21)mat carrier: A case-report.

Background: Chromosome rearrangements can produce genomic imbalance in gametes which causes a drastic decrease in fertility. Several studies have described the relationship between high levels of DNA damage and chromosomal alterations in the spermatozoa of infertile or subfertile males. However, the nature of this relation is poorly understood.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes genomic instability in macrophages.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen, which may either block cellular defensive mechanisms and survive inside the host cell or induce cell death. Several studies are still exploring the mechanisms involved in these processes.

Objectives: To evaluate the genomic instability of M.

DNA damage in acute myeloid leukemia patients of Northern Mexico.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate DNA damage in the whole genome of peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with a control group using DNA breakage detection-fluorescent in situ hybridization (DBD-FISH). Our results suggest that the DNA damage detected in patients with newly diagnosed AML was similar to that observed for the controls; this might be explained by the stimulation of a repair pathway by the pathogenesis itself. These findings indicate that inhibiting the repair pathway could be proposed to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy.

Expression of the HPV18/E6 oncoprotein induces DNA damage.

This study investigated possible variations in DNA damage in HeLa cells with silenced expression of the HPV/E6 oncogene compared with HeLa cells with normal expression of the E6 oncogene using the DNA breakage detection–fluorescence in situ hybridization (DBD–FISH) technique and a whole human genome DNA probe. The variable levels of DNA breaks present were measured quantitatively using image analysis after whole-genome DNA hybridization. HeLa cells with silenced expression of the HPV18/E6 oncogene showed a significant decrease in DNA damage compared with parental cells with normal expression of the E6 oncogene.

Two-Tailed Comet Assay (2T-Comet): Simultaneous Detection of DNA Single and Double Strand Breaks.

A modification of the original comet assay was developed for the simultaneous evaluation of DNA single strand breaks (SSBs) and double strand breaks (DSBs) in human spermatozoa. The two-dimensional perpendicular tail comet assay (2T-comet) combines non-denaturing and denaturant conditions to the same sperm nucleoid. In this case, the species-specific deproteinized sperm is first subjected to an electrophoretic field under non-denaturing conditions to mobilize isolated free discrete DNA fragments produced from DSBs; this is then followed by a second electrophoresis running perpendicular to the first one but under alkaline conditions to produce DNA denaturation, exposing SSBs on the same linear DNA chain or DNA fragments flanked by DSBs.

Leptin receptor expression during the progression of endometrial carcinoma is correlated with estrogen and progesterone receptors.

Introduction: The hormone leptin, which is produced in the adipose tissue, may influence tumorigenesis directly via its receptor (Ob-R). Thus, a role for Ob-R in endometrial carcinogenesis has been proposed. However, most studies neither included samples of the entire histological progression of endometrial carcinoma nor examined Ob-R jointly with the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively).

Human Papilloma Virus Detection by INNOLiPA HPV in Prostate Tissue from Men of Northeast Mexico.

Background: Prostatic adenocarcinoma by Prosate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death among men in the Western world. Human papilloma virus (HPV) may be considered as a preventable risk factor. In this study, we assessed the frequencies of HPV infection in prostatic adenocarcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cases in Northeast Mexico.

Reduced sperm DNA longevity is associated with an increased incidence of still born; evidence from a multi-ovulating sequential artificial insemination animal model.

Purpose: Using a rabbit model, we assessed the influence of sperm DNA longevity on female reproductive outcomes.

Methods: Semen was collected from 40 bucks, incubated at 38 °C for 24 h, and the rate of sperm DNA fragmentation (rSDF) was determined using the sperm chromatin dispersion assay. Males were allocated into high rSDF (>0.

[Maternal perception of her child's weight and unrelated children less than 1 year old].

Aims: To evaluate the maternal perception of their child's weight (MPCW) and perception of unrelated children's weight.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Location: Maternal and Child Nursing Health Department at 6 Units of Family Medicine.

Evaluation of environmental genotoxicity by comet assay in Columba livia.

The concentrations of recognized or suspected genotoxic and carcinogenic agents found in the air of large cities and, in particular, developing countries, have raised concerns about the potential for chronic health effects in the populations exposed to them. The biomonitoring of environmental genotoxicity requires the selection of representative organisms as "sentinels," as well as the development of suitable and sensitive assays, such as those aimed at assessing DNA damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage levels in erythrocytes from Columba livia living in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico, compared with control animals via comet assay, and to confirm the results via Micronuclei test (MN) and DNA breakage detection-fluorescence in situ hybridization (DBD-FISH).

Human papillomavirus genotyping by Linear Array and Next-Generation Sequencing in cervical samples from Western Mexico.

Background: The Linear Array® (LA) genotyping test is one of the most used methodologies for Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping, in that it is able to detect 37 HPV genotypes and co-infections in the same sample. However, the assay is limited to a restricted number of HPV, and sequence variations in the detection region of the HPV probes could give false negatives results. Recently, 454 Next-Generation sequencing (NGS) technology has been efficiently used also for HPV genotyping; this methodology is based on massive sequencing of HPV fragments and is expected to be highly specific and sensitive.

DNA damage in spermatozoa from infertile men with varicocele evaluated by sperm chromatin dispersion and DBD-FISH.

Purpose: Evaluation of DNA integrity is an important test, possessing greater diagnostic and prognostic significance for couples requiring assisted reproduction. In this study, we evaluate the levels of DNA damage in infertile patients with varicocele with respect to fertile males by the sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test. The presence of DNA breaks in spermatozoa was confirmed by DNA breakage detection-fluorescence in situ hybridization (DBD-FISH).

Human papillomavirus infections in Mexican women with normal cytology, precancerous lesions, and cervical cancer: type-specific prevalence and HPV coinfections.

The prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) provides the basis for designing HPV prevention programs. The prevalence rates of type-specific HPV and coinfections in samples of Mexican women were investigated in 822 women aged 18-87 years. HPV detection was performed using a Linear Array™ genotyping test.