Treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa and comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder; where do we stand? A systematic scoping review.

Objective: Comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder in patients with anorexia nervosa may negatively affect the course of anorexia nervosa treatment, which is already challenging. There are currently no guidelines or recommendations on concurrent treatment approaches for both anorexia nervosa and post-traumatic stress disorder. This systematic scoping review aims to explore the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of psychological trauma-focused treatment concurrently offered to underweight patients receiving anorexia nervosa treatment.

Web-based guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced versus treatment as usual for binge-eating disorder: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of eating a large amount of food in a discrete period of time while experiencing a loss of control. Cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) is a recommended treatment for binge-eating disorder and is typically offered through 20 sessions. Although binge-eating disorder is highly responsive to CBT-E, the cost of treating these patients is high.

Effectiveness of web-based guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced for binge-eating disorder: An implementation study.

Introduction: Web-based guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) is a 12-weeks, 12-sessions, digitalized version of part II of the self-help book Overcoming Binge Eating. This intervention is effective when offered under controlled circumstances in a randomized-controlled-trial. It is unknown how patients with binge-eating disorder (BED) respond to this intervention when offered in real-world clinical-settings.

Economic evaluation of web-based guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced for binge-eating disorder compared to a waiting list: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The aim is to perform an economic evaluation alongside a randomized controlled trial comparing guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) for binge-eating disorder (BED) to a waiting list control condition.

Methods: BED patients (N = 212) were randomly assigned to guided self-help CBT-E or the 3-month waiting list. Measurements took place at baseline and the end-of-treatment.

Efficacy of Web-Based, Guided Self-help Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Enhanced for Binge Eating Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Owing to the gap between treatment supply and demand, there are long waiting periods for patients with binge eating disorder, and there is an urgent need to increase their access to specialized treatment. Guided self-help cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) may have great advantages for patients if its efficacy can be established.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of guided self-help CBT-E compared with that of a delayed-treatment control condition.

Exploring effectiveness of CBT in obese patients with binge eating disorder: personality functioning is associated with clinically significant change.

Background: Binge eating disorder (BED), as the most prevalent eating disorder, is strongly related to obesity and other somatic and psychiatric morbidity. Despite evidence-based treatments a considerable number of BED patients fail to recover. There is preliminary evidence for the association between psychodynamic personality functioning and personality traits on treatment outcome.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy-enhanced compared with treatment-as-usual for anorexia nervosa in an inpatient and outpatient routine setting: a consecutive cohort study.

Background: For anorexia nervosa, firm evidence of the superiority of specialized psychological treatments is limited and economic evaluations of such treatments in real world settings are scarce. This consecutive cohort study examined differential (cost-)effectiveness for adult inpatients and outpatients with anorexia nervosa, after implementing cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) throughout a routine setting.

Methods: Differences in remission, weight regain and direct eating disorder treatment costs were examined between one cohort (N = 75) receiving treatment-as-usual (TAU) between 2012-2014, and the other (N = 88) CBT-E between 2015-2017.

Personality Functioning in Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder: Combining a Psychodynamic and Trait Perspective.

Objective: There is preliminary evidence for an association between personality traits and binge eating disorder (BED) in obese patients. In addition, recent studies have shown impaired psychodynamic personality functioning in BED. However, these results are partly inconsistent.

Behavioral and psychological factors associated with suboptimal weight loss in post-bariatric surgery patients.

Purpose: Bariatric surgery is the most effective long-term treatment for sustained weight loss in obesity. Studies have shown that not all patients lose the expected amount of weight. The aim of this study was to develop a better understanding of which behavioral and psychological factors are associated with suboptimal weight loss.

Online cognitive behavioral therapy enhanced for binge eating disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating accompanied by a sense of lack of control. Of the different treatments available, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Enhanced and guided self-help treatment are recommended. As online treatment offers several additional advantages, we have developed a CBT-Enhanced online guided self-help intervention.

Implementing cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced in a routine inpatient and outpatient setting: Comparing effectiveness and treatment costs in two consecutive cohorts.

Background: Even though evidence-based interventions can enhance clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness, in the field of eating disorders, implementation of empirically supported treatments (ESTs) in routine inpatient and outpatient settings is slow.

Objective: This study examined differential (cost-) effectiveness, after implementing evidence-based cognitive behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) throughout a Dutch treatment center.

Method: Two consecutive cohorts of adult patients, BMI between 17.

Meta-analysis on the efficacy of psychological treatments for anorexia nervosa.

Objective: This meta-analysis examines the efficacy of recently developed psychological treatments for anorexia nervosa, compared with control condition. Outcome criteria are weight gain, eating disorder pathology, and quality of life.

Method: Twelve thousand nine hundred ninety-seven abstracts, published between 1980 and 2017, were retrieved.

The caspase inhibitor zVAD increases lung inflammation in pneumovirus infection in mice.

Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease is a frequent cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in young children, and is associated with marked lung epithelial injury and neutrophilic inflammation. Experimental studies on ARDS have shown that inhibition of apoptosis in the lungs reduces lung epithelial injury. However, the blockade of apoptosis in the lungs may also have deleterious effects by hampering viral clearance, and importantly, by enhancing or prolonging local proinflammatory responses.

The effect of TIP on pneumovirus-induced pulmonary edema in mice.

Background: Pulmonary edema plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced respiratory failure. In this study we determined whether treatment with TIP (AP301), a synthetic cyclic peptide that mimics the lectin-like domain of human TNF, decreases pulmonary edema in a mouse model of severe human RSV infection. TIP is currently undergoing clinical trials as a therapy for pulmonary permeability edema and has been shown to decrease pulmonary edema in different lung injury models.

FiO2 predicts outcome in infants with respiratory syncytial virus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in infants. ARDS is a life-threatening condition that is characterized by severe hypoxemia, defined as PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratio <300 mmHg. This ratio is used in many trials as the sole oxygenation criterion for ARDS.

Imbalance between pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: Angiotensin-converting enzyme and its effector peptide angiotensin II have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Recently, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was identified as the counter-regulatory enzyme of angiotensin-converting enzyme that converts angiotensin II into angiotensin-(1-7). The aim of this study was to determine pulmonary angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

High levels of S100A8/A9 proteins aggravate ventilator-induced lung injury via TLR4 signaling.

Background: Bacterial products add to mechanical ventilation in enhancing lung injury. The role of endogenous triggers of innate immunity herein is less well understood. S100A8/A9 proteins are released by phagocytes during inflammation.

Cardiac dysfunction in pneumovirus-induced lung injury in mice.

Objective: To determine biventricular cardiac function in pneumovirus-induced acute lung injury in spontaneously breathing mice.

Design: Experimental animal study.

Setting: Animal laboratory.

Apoptosis in pneumovirus infection.

Pneumovirus infections cause a wide spectrum of respiratory disease in humans and animals. The airway epithelium is the major site of pneumovirus replication. Apoptosis or regulated cell death, may contribute to the host anti-viral response by limiting viral replication.

Role of the Fas/FasL system in a model of RSV infection in mechanically ventilated mice.

Infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children can progress to respiratory distress and acute lung injury necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV). MV enhances apoptosis and inflammation in mice infected with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse pneumovirus that has been used as a model for severe RSV infection in mice. We hypothesized that the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system, a dual proapoptotic/proinflammatory system involved in other forms of lung injury, is required for enhanced lung injury in mechanically ventilated mice infected with PVM.