Acute appendicitis in children: is preoperative hyponatremia a predictive factor of perforation/gangrene? A prospective study.

Purpose: Distinguishing between perforated/gangrenous from uncomplicated appendicitis in children helps management. We evaluated hyponatremia as a new diagnostic marker for perforated/gangrenous appendicitis in children.

Methods: A prospective study including all children with acute appendicitis who underwent appendectomy at our institution from May 2021 to May 2023.

Transanal recto-anal anastomosis for treatment of rectal atresia: a review of 4 cases.

Introduction: Rectal atresia is a rare subtype of anorectal malformations in which the patients are born with a normal anal canal but have complete atresia located few centimeters proximal to the dentate line. We present the transanal end-to-end rectoanal anastomosis as a surgical technique for the management of these patients, highlight the outcomes, and emphasize on some clinical tips.

Methods: Four patients were diagnosed as having rectal atresia on clinical and radiological basis.

Needlescopic Disconnection and Peritoneal Closure for Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Novel Technique.

Background: There are many laparoscopic techniques for pediatric congenital inguinal hernia repair. Needlescopic surgery was introduced recently in pediatric patients aiming at getting excellent cosmetic outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a novel technique for needlescopic inguinal hernia repair in children.

Optimism for the Single-stage Transanal Swenson in Neonates.

Background: Hirschsprung's disease (HD) has been traditionally treated from infancy onward and different techniques have been used including Swenson, Soave, and Duhamel procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transanal Swenson's procedure for classical rectosigmoid HD in neonates.

Patient And Methods: This was a prospective study in which neonates diagnosed with HD were recruited from January 2017 to December 2018.

Needlescopic Appendectomy in Children and Adolescents Using 14-Gauge Needles: A New Era.

We are presenting a very minimally invasive technique for laparoscopic appendectomy (needlescopic appendectomy [NAP]) in children and adolescents using suture grasper device, epidural needle, and homemade isolated long diathermy probe without any conventional laparoscopic instruments. NAP was attempted in 48 patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis at Al-Azhar, Tanta University Hospitals and other allied hospitals during the period from May 2017 to November 2018. The study included patients with acute appendicitis and patients scheduled for interval appendectomy.

Role of Wrap-Crural Fixation and Minimal Dissection in Prevention of Transmigration After Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication in Children.

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is the gold standard antireflux procedure in pediatric age group. Intrathoracic migration of the fundic wrap is a common cause failure, leading to recurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms. To investigate the impact of wrap-crural fixation and minimal esophageal dissection in prevention of wrap transmigration after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in children.

Meningitis from invasive in a healthy young adult.

is well known to be a potential etiology of bacterial meningitis in neonates. Invasive has been also reported in nonpregnant adults. Among adults, the incidence of invasive group B Streptococcus (GBS) has been increasing 2-4 times in the past 2 decades.

Needlescopic Appendectomy in Children and Adolescents Using 14G Needles: A New Era.

We are presenting a new very minimally invasive technique for laparoscopic appendectomy (needlescopic appendectomy [NAP]) in children and adolescents using suture grasper device, epidural needle, and homemade isolated long diathermy probe without any conventional laparoscopic instruments. NAP was attempted in 48 patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis at Al-Azhar, Tanta University Hospitals and other allied hospitals during the period from May 2017 to November 2018. The study included patients with acute appendicitis and patients scheduled for interval appendectomy.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Nitazoxanide Plus Lactulose With Lactulose Alone in Treatment of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Background And Aims: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities associated with liver dysfunction. Lactulose is a nonabsorbable disaccharide presently used to treat HE. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) has a broad-spectrum activity against urease-producing bacteria, so it decreases ammonia production and is therefore expected to reverse the symptoms of HE.

Anterior Sagittal Anorectoplasty with External Sphincter Preservation for the Treatment of Recto-vestibular Fistula: A New Approach.

Context: To our knowledge, there is no description of anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (ASARP) with external anal sphincter preservation and passing neorectum in the middle of muscle complex under direct vision for the treatment of recto-vestibular fistula (VF).

Aim: This study evaluates a new modification combining ASARP with under vision sphincter preservation.

Subjects And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on thirty female infants with VF.

Laparoscopic splenectomy in children with benign hematological diseases: Leaving nothing behind policy.

Context: Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is considered the standard approach for the treatment of children with nonmalignant hematological diseases due to the advances in the minimal invasive surgery over the conventional splenectomy (CS). Different techniques are involved in the operation to secure the hilum.

Aim: The use of (Ligasure™) is a safe, effective, less time consuming and with less complications rate.

Probiotic prophylaxis after pullthrough for Hirschsprung disease to reduce incidence of enterocolitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Objective: Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is one of the most troublesome problems encountered after a pullthrough. We hypothesized that prophylactic administration of probiotics after a pullthrough procedure would decrease the incidence of HAEC.

Study Design: A prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted at 2 children's hospitals.

Expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 and Janus kinase 3 in colorectal carcinomas, colonic adenomas and ulcerative colitis.

Background And Study Aims: Despite the growing understanding of the involvement of protooncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in the oncogenesis of CRC, the exact biological and molecular mechanisms underpinning this process remain poorly understood. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) has been implicated in the regulation of growth and malignant transformation. Accumulating evidences have come to indicate that abnormalities in the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway are involved in oncogenesis of several cancers.

Are the long-term results of the transanal pull-through equal to those of the transabdominal pull-through? A comparison of the 2 approaches for Hirschsprung disease.

Purpose: The transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT) is becoming the most popular procedure in the treatment of Hirschsprung disease (HD), but overstretching of the anal sphincters remains a critical issue that may impact the continence. This study examined the long-term outcome of TERPT versus conventional transabdominal (ABD) pull-through for HD.

Methods: Records of 41 patients more than 3 years old who underwent a pull-through for HD (TERPT, n = 20; ABD, n = 21) were reviewed, and their families were thoroughly interviewed and scored via a 15-item post-pull-through long-term outcome questionnaire.

Enterogenesis in a clinically feasible model of mechanical small-bowel lengthening.

Background: Recent work indicates that mechanical force induces small-bowel growth, although methods reported do not have direct clinical application. We report a clinically feasible technique of enterogenesis and describe intestinal function in this model.

Methods: Using a pig model (n = 11), we stretched isolated small intestinal segments mechanically for 7 days in vivo with an intraluminal device.