Effect of tin oxide particle size on epoxy resin to form new composites against gamma radiation.

The aim of the present study is to assess the shielding performance of a novel lead-free epoxide material against ionizing radiation. The effect of variation in particle size and concentration of tin oxide (SnO), which was added to epoxy resin polymer (ER), on its radiation shielding properties has been investigated in this research. Ten samples of ER samples incorporated with different concentrations (0%,20%,40%,60%) of SnO microparticles, nanoparticles, and both sizes combined were prepared and assessed.

The manufacture, optical properties, and mechanical aspects of europium-doped borate glasses.

An investigation into the optical and mechanical properties of a novel borate glasses with the chemical composition of 70 BO-10 LiO-10ZnO-5BiO-5CaO-xEuO was conducted. The glassy specimens of Eu-doped borate were prepared by the melting-quenching technique. An enhanced density from 3.

Experimental study of gamma-ray attenuation capability of BO-ZnO-NaO-FeO glass system.

In the present work, a glass system with developed composition consisting of BO, ZnO, NaO and FeO samples has been investigated. Glass samples were prepared using the melt quenching method and the density of the system was measured using Archimedes' principle. Spectroscopic analysis using a gamma source and a high-purity germanium detector at four energies of 0.

Effect of BiO Particle Size on the Radiation-Shielding Performance of Free-Lead Epoxide Materials against Ionizing Radiation.

In this work, we studied the effect of bismuth oxide particle size and its attenuation capacity as a filler additive in epoxy resins. Six samples were prepared according to the amount of microparticles and nanoparticles in the sample and were coded as ERB-1, ERB-2, ERB-3, ERB-4, ERB-5, and ERB-6. One of the composite epoxies contained BiO microparticles at a 50:50 ratio (ERB-6) and was chosen as the control composite, and the number of microparticles (MPs) was gradually decreased and replaced by nanoparticles (NPs) to produce epoxy-containing BiO nanoparticles at a 50:50 ratio (ERB-1).

Experimental investigation of radiation shielding competence of BO-NaO-AlO-BaO-CaO glass system.

Aiming to extend the scope of utilizing glass in radiation shielding, this work investigates the radiation interaction response of a borate-based glass system. Four borate-glass samples of different substituting concentrations of calcium oxide ( )BO: NaO AlO BaO: CaO were prepared. To assess the shielding performance of the prepared glass samples, a high-purity germanium detector and different radioactive sources (different energies) were used.

A comprehensive study of the shielding ability from ionizing radiation of different mortars using iron filings and bismuth oxide.

The current work discusses the radiation attenuation capability and different shielding characteristics of different mortar samples. The samples were prepared by replacing different percentages of fine aggregate with iron filling and replacing different percentages of hydrated lime with BiO (0-50 wt.%).

Multilayer radiation shielding system with advanced composites containing heavy metal oxide nanoparticles: a free-lead solution.

With the use of multilayer materials such as concrete, mortar and ceramics that were fortified with PbO, WO and BiO nanoparticles, our study's objective was to produce a an effective photon shielding system. Experimental evaluation of the radiation shielding efficiency of two sets of samples with various thicknesses was conducted. The elemental content and morphology of the samples were corroborated by SEM and EDX studies, with ceramic samples exhibiting superior particle distribution and fewer voids than concrete and mortar specimens.

A Multicenter Study to Determine Knowledge and Perceptions on Stem Cell Donation, Transplantation Among Saudi Medical Students.

Background: Despite significant contributions to stem cell research in Saudi Arabia, knowledge and awareness of stem cell research is the subject of ongoing studies with controversial findings, specifically among medical students. This was a cross-sectional study with 685 medical students aimed to explore their knowledge and attitudes in relation to stem cell research and transplantation.

Methods: A validated survey exploring knowledge and attitudes in relation to stem cell research and transplantation was administered.

Effect of Cerium (IV) Oxide Particle Size on Polydimethylsiloxane Polymer to Form Flexible Materials against Ionizing Radiation.

This study aims to investigate the impact of CeO content and particle size on the radiation shielding abilities of polydimethylsiloxane, also known as silicon rubber (SR). We prepared different SR samples with 10, 30, and 50% of micro and nano CeO and we measured the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) for these samples. We found that the LAC of the SR increases by increasing the CeO and all prepared SR samples had higher LACs than the pure SR.

Assessment of Silicone Rubber/Lead Oxide Composites Enriched with BiO, WO, BaO, and SnO Nanoparticles for Radiation Shielding Applications.

This study aimed to prepare silicone rubber composites with heavy metal oxide nanoparticles for gamma ray shielding applications. Different heavy metal oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into the silicone rubber matrix, and the prepared composites were characterized for their thermal, mechanical, and radiation shielding properties. The density of the prepared SR samples ranged from 1.

Mechanical, Morphological, Thermal and the Attenuation Properties of Heavy Mortars Doped with Nanoparticles for Gamma-Ray Shielding Applications.

This study aimed to develop a mortar composite with improved gamma ray shielding properties using WO and BiO nanoparticles, as well as granite residue as a partial replacement of sand. The physical properties and effects of sand substitution and nanoparticle addition on the mortar composite were analyzed. TEM analysis confirmed the size of BiO and WO NPs to be 40 ± 5 nm and 35 ± 2 nm, respectively.

Grafting red clay with BiO nanoparticles into epoxy resin for gamma-ray shielding applications.

We developed new composites for photons shielding applications. The composite were prepared with epoxy resin, red clay and bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiO NPs). In order to establish which ratio of red clay to BiO NPs provides the best shielding capabilities, several different ratios of red clay to BiO NPs were tested.

Investigation of Gamma-Ray Shielding Properties of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles with a Bentonite-Gypsum Matrix.

Due to the present industrial world, the risk of radioactivity is notably increasing. Thus, an appropriate shielding material needs to be designed to protect humans and the environment against radiation. In view of this, the present study aims to design new composites of the main matrix of bentonite-gypsum with a low-cost, abundant, and natural matrix.

Developed a New Radiation Shielding Absorber Composed of Waste Marble, Polyester, PbCO, and CdO to Reduce Waste Marble Considering Environmental Safety.

The usage of radiation is mandatory for modern life; in the same manner, controlling the outflow of harmful radiation is vital and could be achieved via employing a shielding material to eliminate any potential nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents. Considering this point, this study aims to manufacture composite samples based on waste marble as novel radiation shields. The physical and radiation shielding ability of the prepared shields were determined and analyzed.

Effect of Kaolin Clay and ZnO-Nanoparticles on the Radiation Shielding Properties of Epoxy Resin Composites.

The use of radiation is mandatory in modern life, but the harms of radiation cannot be avoided. To minimize the effect of radiation, protection is required for the safety of the environment and human life. Hence, inventing a better shield than a conventional shielding material is the priority of researchers.

Morphological and Gamma-Ray Attenuation Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Containing Bismuth Oxide.

For extensive radiation exposure, inventing a novel radiation shielding material is a burning issue at present for the purpose of life saving. Considering this thought, in this study, by adding sundry amounts of BiO into pure high-density polyethylene (HDPE), six HDPE systems were prepared to evaluate the radiation shielding efficiency. These HDPE systems were HDPEBi-0 (pure HDPE), HDPEBi-10 (10 wt% BiO), HDPEBi-20 (20 wt% BiO), HDPEBi-30 (30 wt% BiO), HDPEBi-40 (40 wt% BiO), and HDPEBi-50 (50 wt% BiO).

Shielding Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composites Reinforced with MgO Micro- and Nanoparticles.

The aim of the current study is to investigate the impact of introducing micro- and nanoparticle MgO as a filler into epoxy resin on the radiation shielding abilities of the prepared samples. To this end, we performed a gamma-radiation spectroscopy experiment with the help of an HPGe detector and Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60 sources. We evaluated the particle size effect (PSE) and detected the maximum PSE value with the addition of 50 wt% MgO particles, indicating that nanoparticle MgO was more successful in shielding against incoming radiation than microparticle MgO.

Effect of PbO-nanoparticles on dimethyl polysiloxane for use in radiation shielding applications.

In this work, morphological and attenuation parameters of gamma ray protection were studied. Dimethyl polysiloxane (Silicon Rubber) Mixed with micro-size and nano-size lead oxide particles at different weight percentage were prepared. The morphological structure of PbO/SR composites was investigated by SEM test, according to SEM images the nano PbO particles are more uniform micro PbO particles.

Impact of WO-Nanoparticles on Silicone Rubber for Radiation Protection Efficiency.

Silicone rubbers are a good choice for shielding materials because of having elastic and attenuating properties as well as cost-effectiveness. Thus, the aim of this study was to prepare ground-breaking silicone rubber samples by adding WO-nanoparticles and testing the performance of their radiation shielding ability against Cs-137, Co-60, and Am-241 gamma energy. Increasing the concentration of WO nanoparticles in silicone rubber (SR) led to decreasing the half-value layer (HVL) and mean free path (MFP) values determined for the samples tested.

Green Conversion of the Hazardous Cathode Ray Tube and Red Mud into Radiation Shielding Concrete.

The present investigation was aimed at the utilization of alternate materials, emphasizing hazardous industrial products (red mud and cathode ray tubes), as constituents of radiation shielding concrete. The usage of these hazardous industrial products improves the sustainability and performance of the radiation shielding concrete. Five concrete blocks were cast and their density, compressive strength, gamma shielding factors, radiation absorption ratio, and transmission factor were explored.

Investigation of the Gamma-ray Shielding Performance of CuO-CdO-BiO Bentonite Ceramics.

The purpose of this research is to identify the radiation shielding capability of ceramics adding CuO, CdO, and BiO with diverse wt (%). The chemical compositions of the raw ceramics were documented through Energy Dispersive X-ray "EDX" techniques. For aesthetic appeal and solidification, CuO has been chosen to be added to ceramic.

Determination of U and K Radionuclide Concentrations in Some Granite Rocks by Gamma Spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis.

Uranium-238 (U) and potassium-40 (K) are important naturally occurring radionuclides. Gamma spectroscopy is a direct, non-destructive method used to determine radionuclide concentrations, but it suffers from the interference of gamma lines. K gamma spectroscopy is affected by background interference, which leads to a reduction in the minimum detectable activity.

A Study on the Gamma Radiation Protection Effectiveness of Nano/Micro-MgO-Reinforced Novel Silicon Rubber for Medical Applications.

In this work, we examined novel polymer composites for use in radiation protection applications. These prepared polymers are non-toxic compared with lead and show potential to be used as protective gear in different medical applications where low-energy photons are utilized. We prepared silicon rubber (SR) with different concentrations of micro- and nano-sized MgO.

Novel 3-D printed radiation shielding materials embedded with bulk and nanoparticles of bismuth.

In the present study, a new type of radiation shielding material was developed by using a 3-D printing technique which enables to create a light radiation shielding materials of a great variety of shapes and dimensions. Micro and nano bismuth particles were incorporated as a filler between the inner layers of polylactic acid thermoplastic polymer (PLA Plastic) designed of the investigated 3-D printed prototypes to achieve the desired radiation attenuation. The effect of particle size on the attenuation parameters were studied over the energy range from 0.