Harnessing a Ti-based MOF for selective adsorption and visible-light-driven water remediation.

In pursuit of universal access to clean water, photocatalytic water remediation using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) emerges as a strong alternative to the current wastewater treatment methods. In this study, we explore a unique Ti-based MOF comprised of 2D secondary-building units (SBUs) connected biphenyl dicarboxylic acid (Hbpdc) ligands - denoted as COK-47 - as a visible-light-driven photocatalyst for organic dye degradation. Synthesized a recently developed microwave-assisted method, COK-47 exhibits high hydrolytic stability, demonstrates a strong dye uptake, and shows noteworthy dye-degradation performance under UV, visible, and solar light, outperforming benchmark TiO and MIL-125-Ti photocatalysts.

Differential Psychological Treatment Effects in Patients With Late-Life Depression and a History of Childhood Maltreatment.

Objective: This is the first interventional study to assess the impact of childhood maltreatment (CM) on psychological treatment outcomes in patients with late-life depression (LLD).

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial with 251 participants aged ≥60 years with moderate to severe depression. Participants were randomly assigned to cognitive behavioral therapy for late life depression (LLD-CBT) or to a supportive intervention (SUI).

Association between Doppler assessment and secondary cesarean delivery for intrapartum fetal compromise in small-for-gestational-age fetuses.

Purpose: To elucidate the association between arterial and venous Doppler ultrasound parameters and the risk of secondary cesarean delivery for intrapartum fetal compromise (IFC) and neonatal acidosis in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses.

Methods: This single-center, prospective, blinded, cohort study included singleton pregnancies with an estimated fetal weight (EFW) < 10th centile above 36 gestational weeks. Upon study inclusion, all women underwent Doppler ultrasound, including umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility index (PI), middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI, fetal aortic isthmus (AoI) PI, umbilical vein blood flow (UVBF), and modified myocardial performance index (mod-MPI).

Algorithm-based modular psychotherapy vs. cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with depression, psychiatric comorbidities and early trauma: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial.

Effect sizes of psychotherapies currently stagnate at a low-to-moderate level. Personalizing psychotherapy by algorithm-based modular procedures promises improved outcomes, greater flexibility, and a better fit between research and practice. However, evidence for the feasibility and efficacy of modular-based psychotherapy, using a personalized treatment algorithm, is lacking.

Perceived Physical Health and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Supportive Psychotherapy Outcomes in Adults With Late-Life Depression: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Physical diseases co-occur with late-life depression (LLD). The influence of physical diseases and the subjective perception of physical health (PPH) on treatment outcome in LLD, however, is not well understood.

Objective: To assess the association of physical diseases and PPH with the outcomes of 2 different types of psychotherapy in LLD.

Black goes green: single-step solvent exchange for sol-gel synthesis of carbon spherogels as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.

Nanoporous carbon materials with customized structural features enable sustainable and electrochemical applications through improved performance and efficiency. Carbon spherogels (highly porous carbon aerogel materials consisting of an assembly of hollow carbon nanosphere units with uniform diameters) are desirable candidates as they combine exceptional electrical conductivity, bespoke shell porosity, tunability of the shell thickness, and a high surface area. Herein, we introduce a novel and more environmentally friendly sol-gel synthesis of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) templated by polystyrene spheres, forming carbon spherogels in an organic solvent.

High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries with High Stability Derived from Titanium-Oxide- and Sulfur-Loaded Carbon Spherogels.

This study presents a novel approach to developing high-performance lithium-ion battery electrodes by loading titania-carbon hybrid spherogels with sulfur. The resulting hybrid materials combine high charge storage capacity, electrical conductivity, and core-shell morphology, enabling the development of next-generation battery electrodes. We obtained homogeneous carbon spheres caging crystalline titania particles and sulfur using a template-assisted sol-gel route and carefully treated the titania-loaded carbon spherogels with hydrogen sulfide.

Longitudinal Clusters of Long-Term Trajectories in Patients with Early-Onset Chronic Depression: 2 Years of Naturalistic Follow-Up after Extensive Psychological Treatment.

Introduction: In clinical trials, mostly group-level treatment effects of repeated cross-sectional measures are analyzed. However, substantial heterogeneity regarding individual symptom profiles and the variability of treatment effects are often neglected, especially over the long-term course. To provide effective personalized treatments, investigations of these characteristics are urgently needed.

Implications of the Network Theory for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Conceptualizing mental disorders as latent entities has been challenged by the network theory of mental disorders, which states that psychological problems are constituted by a network of mutually interacting symptoms. While the implications of the network approach for planning and evaluating treatments have been intensively discussed, empirical support for the claims of the network theory regarding treatment effects is lacking.

Objective: To assess the extent to which specific hypotheses derived from the network theory regarding the (interindividual) changeability of symptom dynamics in response to treatment align with empirical data.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Late-Life Depression (CBTlate): Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Observer-Blinded, Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Different psychotherapeutic interventions for late-life depression (LLD) have been proposed, but their evaluation in large, multicenter trials is rare.

Objective: The present study evaluated the efficacy of a specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for LLD (LLD-CBT) in comparison with a supportive unspecific intervention (SUI), both administered in a specialist psychiatric outpatient setting.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled, parallel group trial, we recruited participants (≥60 years) with moderate to severe depression at 7 trial sites in Germany.

Effectiveness of Nature- and Animal Assisted Mindfulness for Relapse Prevention in Depressed Patients With a History of Childhood Maltreatment.

Background: For relapse prevention in depression, conventional mindfulness programs such as the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy proved to be useful. However, early life trauma is a risk factor for having adverse experiences during meditation. Thus, for this patient group mindfulness skills are often difficult to learn and may be facilitated by using animals and a nature setting.

Modular-based psychotherapy (MoBa) versus cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression, comorbidities and a history of childhood maltreatment: study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

Introduction: In depression treatment, most patients do not reach response or remission with current psychotherapeutic approaches. Major reasons for individual non-response are interindividual heterogeneity of etiological mechanisms and pathological forms, and a high rate of comorbid disorders. Personalised treatments targeting comorbidities as well as underlying transdiagnostic mechanisms and factors like early childhood maltreatment may lead to better outcomes.

Tannin-Based Nanoscale Carbon Spherogels as Electrodes for Electrochemical Applications.

A promising route to monolithic, hollow sphere carbon assemblies based on sustainable precursors with a tailored nanostructure is presented. These carbon assemblies, recently termed carbon spherogels, are generated via a polystyrene sphere template-based sol-gel process of mimosa tannin and biomass-derived 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. By completely replacing petroleum-based precursors (especially toxic formaldehyde) highly porous, nanoscale carbon monoliths are obtained, which are investigated as state-of-the-art, sustainable electrode materials for energy storage.

Hybrid carbon spherogels: carbon encapsulation of nano-titania.

Extraordinarily homogeneous, freestanding titania-loaded carbon spherogels can be obtained using Ti(acac)(OiPr) in the polystyrene sphere templated resorcinol-formaldehyde gelation. Thereby, a distinct, crystalline titania layer is achieved inside every hollow sphere building unit. These hybrid carbon spherogels allow capitalizing on carbon's electrical conductivity and the lithium-ion intercalation capacity of titania.

A Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Hierarchically Organized Carbon/TiO Monoliths with Ordered Mesopores.

Sol-gel processing combined with soft templating and gelation-induced phase separation is very sensitive to the precursor sol composition. In this work we present a straightforward synthesis towards hierarchically structured, macroporous carbon/titania monoliths with ordered mesopores derived from resorcinol/formaldehyde monoliths and a glycolated titanium precursor. We demonstrate the influence of various reaction solvents, where diol-based media and the proportion of the catalyst seem to be essential in controlling spinodal decomposition, obtaining similar monolithic structures under different synthesis conditions.

Hierarchically Organized and Anisotropic Porous Carbon Monoliths.

Anisotropy is a key factor regarding mechanical or transport properties and thus the functionality of porous materials. However, the ability to deliberately design the pore structure of hierarchically organized porous networks toward anisotropic features is limited. Here, we report two straightforward routes toward hierarchically structured porous carbon monoliths with an anisotropic alignment of the microstructure on the level of macro- and mesopores.

The Impact of Childhood Maltreatment on Long-Term Outcomes in Disorder-Specific vs. Nonspecific Psychotherapy for Chronic Depression.

Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) predicted poorer outcomes in acute depression treatment with CBT, IPT and Supportive Psychotherapy (SP). The Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) fared well in patients with chronic depression and CM during acute treatment, yet there is a considerable lack of empirical evidence for long-term outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed one and two-year follow-up data of 268 patients randomized to 24 sessions (20 weeks) of acute and 8 sessions (28 weeks) of extended treatment with CBASP or SP.

Interpersonal Psychotherapy vs. Treatment as Usual for Major Depression Related to Work Stress: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study.

Depressive disorders are among the leading causes of sick leave and long-term work incapacity in most modern countries. Work related stress is described by patients as the most common context of depression. It is vital to know what types of treatments are effective in improving work related problems and occupational health.

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts.

Amorphous and graphitized nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon spheres are investigated as structurally well-defined model systems to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between synthesis, structure, and their activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). N-doped carbon spheres were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of a glucose solution yielding carbon spheres with sizes of 330 ± 50 nm, followed by nitrogen doping via heat treatment in ammonia atmosphere. The influence of a) varying the nitrogen doping temperature (550-1000 °C) and b) of a catalytic graphitization prior to nitrogen doping on the carbon sphere morphology, structure, elemental composition, N bonding configuration as well as porosity is investigated in detail.

Renal Tubular Dysgenesis in a Case of Fetus Acardius Amorphus.

Fetus acardius amorphus is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the lack of a functional heart, the presence of a bivascular umbilical cord, as well as a developed and organized skeletal system and partially organized inner organs. Fetus acardii mostly occur in multiple gestations. The pathogenesis of this entity is not clarified yet.