Transition Metal Oxides (TMOs) have drawn significant attention due to their diverse range of properties and applications. The partially filled orbitals of the transition metal ions, with highly electronegative oxygen atoms, give rise to unique electronic structures that lead to multiple applications due to their magnetic, optical, and structural properties. These properties have a direct influence on chemical reactions that enable tailoring materials for specific applications in catalysis, such as electrocatalysis and photocatalysis.
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