Activation of Downstream mTORC1 Target Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase (S6K) Can Be Found in a Subgroup of Dutch Patients with Granulomatous Pulmonary Disease.

Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has been linked to different diseases. The mTORC1 signaling pathway is suggested to play a role in the granuloma formation of sarcoidosis. Recent studies demonstrated conflicting data on mTORC1 activation in patients with sarcoidosis by measuring activation of its downstream target S6 kinase (S6K) with either 33% or 100% of patients.

The emerging role of inorganic elements as potential antigens in sarcoidosis.

Purpose Of Review: Previous studies mainly described a role for organic agents as possible triggers for sarcoidosis. In this review, we address recent studies suggesting a possible role for inorganic elements, such as metals or silica in sarcoidosis pathogenesis.

Recent Findings: Several epidemiological papers suggest that inorganic agents, either by environmental exposures or occupational activities, could trigger sarcoidosis.

Detection of in granulomas of patients with either hypersensitivity pneumonitis or vasculitis reveals that its presence is not unique for sarcoidosis.

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Elevated Serum Amyloid a Levels Are not Specific for Sarcoidosis but Associate with a Fibrotic Pulmonary Phenotype.

Elevated Serum Amyloid A (SAA) levels have been found in several inflammatory diseases, including sarcoidosis. SAA is suggested to be involved in sarcoidosis pathogenesis by involvement in granuloma formation and maintenance. We hypothesized that SAA serum levels would be higher in sarcoidosis compared to other non-infectious granulomatous and non-granulomatous diseases.

Presence of in granulomas associates with a chronic disease course in Dutch sarcoidosis patients.

Several studies demonstrated that may be involved in sarcoidosis pathogenesis. Presence of was found in granulomas of the majority of Japanese sarcoidosis patients. However, presence of in tissue has never been related to sarcoidosis phenotypes and clinical outcome.

Latent tuberculosis infection associates with cardiac involvement in patients with sarcoidosis.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by formation of non-caseating granulomas. About 5% of patients have symptoms of cardiac sarcoidosis. Identification of cardiac involvement is important since it is a major cause of death.

Sarcoidosis in a patient clinically diagnosed with silicosis; is silica associated sarcoidosis a new phenotype?

A diagnosis of silicosis is made on the basis of exposure and typical radiological findings, according to the ILO's International Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconiosis. Radiological patterns of silicosis can, however, resemble sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic disorder of unknown etiology, although a role for initiating inorganic triggers such as metals or silica has been suggested.