Unraveling the Regimes of Interfacial Thermal Conductance at a Solid/Liquid Interface.

The interfacial thermal conductance at a solid/liquid interface () exhibits an exponential-to-linear crossover with increasing solid/liquid interaction strength, previously attributed to the relative strength of solid/liquid to liquid/liquid interactions. Instead, using a simple Lennard-Jones setup, our molecular simulations reveal that this crossover occurs due to the onset of solidification in the interfacial liquid at high solid/liquid interaction strengths. This solidification subsequently influences interfacial energy transport, leading to the crossover in .

Prevalence of new onset erectile dysfunction among Damietta governorate men after contracting COVID-19.

Background: Several reports showed that sexual function was affected during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: The objective of the study was to demonstrate whether a realistic association exists between the COVID-19 pandemic and erectile dysfunction (ED) among a sampled Egyptian population in Damietta governorate.

Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 330 adult males diagnosed with COVID-19 infection.

Characterizing Air Medical Transport Experiences in Emergency Medicine Residency Training Programs.

Objective: Air medical transportation (AMT) of patients plays a critical role in the prehospital care of the ill patient. Despite its importance, there is no requirement in emergency medicine training programs to have direct experience or education on the topic, and data detailing current AMT experiences across programs are limited.

Methods: A survey detailing program characteristics, AMT experience characteristics, and curriculum factors relating to AMT experience was sent to all 275 credentialed emergency medicine residency training programs in the United States.

A rare case of bilateral para-rectal hydatid disease: A case report.

Introduction: Cystic hydatidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the organism Echinococcus Granulosus that is well known to be endemic in the Mediterranean region, eastern Europe and South America and usually presents as hydatid disease of the liver but may affect other organs. The disease occurs when humans become the accidental host through ingestion of the eggs from contaminated food.

Case Presentation: We present a case of Hydatid disease presenting as hives refractory to medical therapy over 4 years duration which was revealed to be caused by para-rectal hydatid cysts.

A multicentre survey of asthma-related quality-of-life and treatment in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Asthma is a common chronic noncommunicable disease which can impair the health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) of patients.

Aims: To investigate treatment-related experiences and HRQOL of asthma patients in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted from 21 July to 17 December 2020 in 3 teaching hospitals in Egypt among a convenience sample of asthma patients.

Face-to-face versus distance learning of basic suturing skills in novice learners: a quantitative prospective randomized trial.

Background And Aim: Traditionally, practical skills are taught on face-to-face (F-F) basis. COVID-19 pandemic brought distance learning (DL) to the spotlight because of the social distancing mandates. We sought to determine the acceptability and effectiveness of DL of basic suturing in novice learners.

Serum level of vitamin D as a predictor for severity and outcome of pneumonia.

Background And Aim: of the study: Pneumonia is the most common medical illness causing hospital admissions and the most common cause of sepsis and septic shock. Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem that affects several populations worldwide. Unfortunately, data regarding the relationship between vitamin D concentrations and outcomes of pneumonia in adult patients are sparse.

Antegrade mini-percutaneous flexible ureteroscopy versus retrograde ureteroscopy for treating impacted proximal ureteric stones of 1-2 cm: A prospective randomised study.

Objectives: To prospectively assess the safety and effectiveness of antegrade mini-percutaneous (miniperc) ureteroscopy (URS) and compare it with the conventional retrograde URS (RURS) approach in treating impacted proximal ureteric stones of 1-2 cm.

Patients And Methods: The study included 60 patients admitted to the Department of Urology, Alexandria Main University Hospital, presenting with impacted proximal ureteric stones of 1-2 cm. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A, were treated with RURS using a semi-rigid or flexible ureteroscope to access the stone; and Group B, were treated by antegrade miniperc URS, were a 14-F renal tract was obtained to pass a ureteric access sheath, then a flexible ureteroscope was used going downwards to the stone.

Maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the maternal and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease in a tertiary care center in Egypt.

Methods: During a 1-year period, a total of 86 pregnant women with cardiac disease were admitted. Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality were calculated and compared with a control group.

Outcome after microdiscectomy: results of a prospective single institutional study.

Background: Although lumbar microdiscectomy is one of the most frequently performed spinal procedures, little consensus exists in the literature regarding results. Whereas retrospective reports boast success rates as high as 98%, prospective studies are less sanguine with statistics in the 73-77% range.

Methods: Prospective single-institution outcome study of all patients undergoing virgin unilateral single-level microdiscectomies by study surgeons November 1990 to March 1992.

Characterization of the cardiac effects of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage in dogs.

Background And Purpose: We know that significant cardiac involvement can occur in patients with acute intracranial hemorrhage, particularly in those with subarachnoid hemorrhage. These patients may present with electrocardiographic abnormalities that were previously thought to be benign. However, many die of cardiovascular sequelae, which suggests more serious cardiac problems.

Hypothermic blood substitution enables resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock and 2 hours of cardiac arrest.

Uncontrollable hemorrhage accounts for a large proportion of total mortality in both civilian (31%) and military (47%) trauma victims. Hypothermia is a relatively safe method that could provide total body protection during hypovolemic shock and facilitate surgical intervention as a potentially life-saving procedure. This study tested the hypothesis that profound hypothermia and complete blood replacement in an established canine model, would facilitate resuscitative therapy from exsanguinating hypovolemic shock.

A new solution for life without blood. Asanguineous low-flow perfusion of a whole-body perfusate during 3 hours of cardiac arrest and profound hypothermia.

Background: The benefits of hypothermia for preventing ischemic injury are well known, but its application in surgery to protect the whole body during procedures requiring circulatory arrest is currently limited to < 1 hour at 15 degrees C using 50% hemodilution. In a significant departure from previous methods, we have developed a technique of asanguineous blood substitution with low-flow perfusion and cardiac arrest at < 10 degrees C in a canine model. Our approach has been to design a hypothermic blood substitute that would protect the brain and visceral organs during several hours of bloodless perfusion.

Value of surgical intervention in the treatment of glioma.

The benefit of cytoreductive surgery in the management of glioma remains speculative. We therefore reviewed all confirmed deaths in our Neuro-Oncology Program and examined various clinical factors related to survival. There were 63 patients (34 males/29 females), with an average age of 57.

Asanguineous whole body perfusion with a new intracellular acellular solution and ultraprofound hypothermia provides cellular protection during 3.5 hours of cardiac arrest in a canine model.

Temporary cessation of blood flow is a necessary aid for certain complex neurosurgical and cardiovascular procedures, and hypothermia is often used to help protect against the deleterious effects of ischemia and anoxia. In an attempt to protect cellular integrity during ultraprofound hypothermia (< 10 degrees C) and complete blood substitution, two new crystalloid-colloid blood substitutes (Hypothermosol-maintenance [HTS-M] and Hypothermosol-purge [HTS-P]) have been evaluated. Using extracorporeal bypass, 14 dogs were totally exsanguinated during cooling using the HTS-P solution, then perfused (40-85 ml/kg/min; mean arterial blood pressure = 25-40 mmHg) with either TS-M (Group I, n = 11), or with HTS-P as controls (Group II, n = 3) for 3 hr at 7 degrees C.

Laser discectomy. Comparison of systems.

Percutaneous methods of lumbar disc removal have gained wide popularity since the introduction of the automated suction device. Newer methods to enter this field include the Nd:YAG and Ho:YAG lasers. To date, no experimental model exists to compare the efficacy of disc removal of these devices.

Rewarming, ultraprofound hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass.

Rewarming, a key event in resuscitation from accidental, experimental and clinical hypothermia, is sometimes followed by neurologic, cardiac, and respiratory sequelae and may lead to death. The rate of rewarming has been implicated but not quantified as etiologic in these sequelae. Under anesthesia fifteen dogs were cannulated and connected to an extracorporeal circuit for oxygenation, core cooling and rewarming.

Percutaneous laser discectomy with the Ho:YAG laser.

A prototype Ho:YAG (2.15 microns) laser operating at 2-J/pulse, 3 Hz through a 600-microns fiber was employed to perform laser discectomies at the L3-4 disc through an 18G needle in five juvenile pigs. No temperature elevations were recorded in the posterior longitudinal ligament at the disc level and all animals recovered fully with no adverse sequelae, even immediately upon awakening from anesthesia.

Comparison of the effects of total blood substitution during two different levels of hypothermic cardiac arrest.

The effect of total blood replacement with a solution containing neither hemoglobin nor fluorocarbon was studied under two different levels of hypothermia. Ten dogs were anesthetized and esophageal temperature lowered to about 24 degrees at which time exsanguination began. Upon cardiac arrest and the completion of exsanguination, continuous whole body closed chest extracorporeal circulation of an oxygenated blood substitute was begun.

Complete blood substitution during profound hypothermic cardiac arrest in dogs.

This study compared the effects of 3 hours of cardiac arrest performed at 2 different levels of profound hypothermia in totally exsanguinated, blood substituted dogs. Dogs (N = 10) were anesthetized and esophageal temperature was lowered to 24 degrees at which time exsanguination began. Once exsanguination was complete and the heart had arrested, continuous whole body perfusion of an oxygenated blood substitute solution was performed for 3 hours.

Blood substitution: an experimental study.

Priming fluids for cardiopulmonary bypass have been extremely varied, with resultant hemodilution. Furthermore, major surgeries utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass require multiple postoperative transfusions of blood and blood products. The appeal of having a readily available blood substitute for major cardiovascular and neurosurgical operations could prove to be a life saver, while also eliminating the risk of diseases transmitted by transfusion.