Kv1.3 Channel Up-Regulation in Peripheral Blood T Lymphocytes of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

Voltage-gated Kv1.3 potassium channels are key regulators of T lymphocyte activation, proliferation and cytokine production, by providing the necessary membrane hyper-polarization for calcium influx following immune stimulation. It is noteworthy that an accumulating body of and evidence links these channels to multiple sclerosis pathophysiology.

Morphometric variability of pyramidalis muscle and its clinical significance.

Purpose: The goal of the study is to analyze the morphometric diversity of the pyramidalis muscle (PM) and to evaluate how it is affected by gender and side of occurrence.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-six (50 male and 46 female) formalin-embalmed Greek cadavers were dissected.

Results: The PM was present in 93.

The styloid process in a Greek population: an anatomical study with clinical implications.

The study determines the variability of the length of the styloid process in a Greek population and investigates how it is affected by gender and age; it also evaluates the side asymmetry, highlighting clinical implications. One hundred and forty-nine dry adult modern skulls (94 male and 55 female) were divided into subgroups according to their age: 20-39, 40-59 and older than 60 years. The lengths of 262 styloid processes (127 right and 135 left-sided) were measured.

Enlarged parietal foramina: a rare finding in a female Greek skull with unusual multiple Wormian bones and a rich parietal vascular network.

Enlarged parietal foramina (>5 mm) is an extremely rare developmental defect of the parietal bone, which is distinguished from the normal small parietal foramina, as genes associated with this entity have been identified, suggesting that it is hereditary in nature. We describe a dry skull of a 35-year-old female, with enlarged parietal foramina symmetrically situated bilaterally, oval in shape, measuring 4.5 × 9.