Optical diagnosis in still images of colorectal polyps: comparison between expert endoscopists and PolyDeep, a Computer-Aided Diagnosis system.

Background: PolyDeep is a computer-aided detection and classification (CADe/x) system trained to detect and classify polyps. During colonoscopy, CADe/x systems help endoscopists to predict the histology of colonic lesions.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of PolyDeep and expert endoscopists for the optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps on still images.

Macrophages enhance contractile force in iPSC-derived human engineered cardiac tissue.

Resident cardiac macrophages are critical mediators of cardiac function. Despite their known importance to cardiac electrophysiology and tissue maintenance, there are currently no stem-cell-derived models of human engineered cardiac tissues (hECTs) that include resident macrophages. In this study, we made an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hECT model with a resident population of macrophages (iM0) to better recapitulate the native myocardium and characterized their impact on tissue function.

Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy with the SpyGlass™ system.

Background And Study Aims: The single-operator cholangiopancreatoscopy (SOCP) with the SpyGlass™ system is a endoscopy technique whose use has grown exponentially in recent years. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SOCP with SpyGlass™ and determine the factors related to the onset of adverse events (AEs).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study at a single tertiary institution with inclusion of all consecutive patients undergoing SOCP with SpyGlass™ from February-2009 to December-2021.

Systemic bevacizumab as adjuvant therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children: A series of three pediatric cases and literature review.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), a viral disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), is the most common benign neoplasm of the larynx among children and the second most frequent cause of infantile hoarseness. The course of the disease is variable; some patients experience spontaneous remission, while others may develop an aggressive respiratory compromise. Especially juvenile-onset RRP cases experience shorter intervals between surgical interventions and thus more surgeries overall, causing high rates of depression and voice-related quality of life.

Diagnostic yield and clinical outcomes after capsule endoscopy in 100 consecutive patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objectives: The endoscopic capsule is a useful tool for visualizing the small bowel in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. In this study the authors evaluated the diagnostic aid provided by the endoscopic capsule, the factors predicting a significant finding and their impact on the patients' clinical evolution.

Methods: A total of 100 patients (52 men and 48 women, average age 64.

Increased collagen type I synthesis in patients with heart failure of hypertensive origin: relation to myocardial fibrosis.

Background: We investigated whether increased collagen type I synthesis and deposition contribute to enhancement of myocardial fibrosis and deterioration of cardiac function in patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD).

Methods And Results: We studied 65 hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy subdivided into 2 groups: 34 patients without heart failure (HF) and 31 patients with HF. Transvenous endomyocardial biopsies of the interventricular septum were performed to quantify the amount of fibrotic tissue and the extent of collagen type I deposition.

Effects of loop diuretics on myocardial fibrosis and collagen type I turnover in chronic heart failure.

Objectives: This individually randomized, open-label, parallel-group pilot study was designed to test the hypothesis that the ability of loop diuretics to interfere with cardiac fibrosis in chronic heart failure (CHF) may be different between compounds.

Background: The apparent mortality and cardiac benefits seen in studies comparing torasemide with furosemide in CHF suggest that torasemide may have beneficial effects beyond diuresis (e.g.