New thymol-derived triazole exhibits promising activity against Trichophyton rubrum.

Fungal infections have emerged worldwide, and azole antifungals are widely used to control these infections. However, the emergence of antifungal resistance has been compromising the effectiveness of these drugs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal and cytotoxic activities of the nine new 1,2,3 triazole compounds derived from thymol that were synthesized through Click chemistry.

Compartmentalized into Bacteriocytes but Highly Invasive: the Puzzling Case of the Co-Obligate Symbiont Serratia symbiotica in the Aphid .

Dependence on multiple nutritional symbionts that form a metabolic unit has evolved many times in insects. Although it has been postulated that host dependence on these metabolically interconnected symbionts is sustained by their high degree of anatomical integration (these symbionts are often housed in distinct symbiotic cells, the bacteriocytes, assembled into a common symbiotic organ, the bacteriome), the developmental aspects of such multipartner systems have received little attention. Aphids of the subfamilies Chaitophorinae and Lachninae typically harbor disymbiotic systems in which the metabolic capabilities of the ancient obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola are complemented by those of a more recently acquired nutritional symbiont, often belonging to the species Serratia symbiotica.

Flavonoid Derivatives Targeting BCR-ABL Kinase: Semisynthesis, Molecular Dynamic Simulations and Enzymatic Inhibition.

Background: Natural products have been universally approached in the research of novel trends useful to detail the essential paths of the life sciences and as a strategy for pharmacotherapeutics.

Objective: This work focuses on further modification to the 6-hydroxy-flavanone building block aiming to obtain improved BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors.

Methods: Ether derivatives were obtained from Williamson synthesis and triazole from Microwave- assisted click reaction.

Landscape genetic analyses of Cervus elaphus and Sus scrofa: comparative study and analytical developments.

Red deer and wild boar are two major game species whose populations are managed and live in areas impacted by human activities. Measuring and understanding the impact of landscape features on individual movements and spatial patterns of genetic variability in these species is thus of importance for managers. A large number of individuals sampled across Wallonia (Belgium) for both species have been genotyped using microsatellite markers (respectively > 1700 and > 1200 genotyped individuals) and some individuals have also been followed using a capture-mark-recapture (CMR) protocol.

Using genetic tools to estimate the prevalence of non-native red deer () in a Western European population.

Game species like the red deer have been subjected to anthropogenic impacts for centuries. Translocations are often carried out-sometimes illegally-not only for sporting purposes, but also to increase trophy quality, reduce inbreeding, or mitigate bottlenecks after excessive persecution. Apart from the blurring of large-scale genetic structure, translocations without adequate quarantine measure risk introducing pathogens into potentially immunologically naïve populations.

Natural Rubber-Filler Interactions: What Are the Parameters?

Reinforcement of a polymer matrix through the incorporation of nanoparticles (fillers) is a common industrial practice that greatly enhances the mechanical properties of the composite material. The origin of such mechanical reinforcement has been linked to the interaction between the polymer and filler as well as the homogeneous dispersion of the filler within the polymer matrix. In natural rubber (NR) technology, knowledge of the conditions necessary to achieve more efficient NR-filler interactions is improving continuously.

Shell structure of natural rubber particles: evidence of chemical stratification by electrokinetics and cryo-TEM.

The interfacial structure of natural rubber (NR) colloids is investigated by means of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and electrokinetics over a broad range of KNO3 electrolyte concentrations (4-300 mM) and pH values (1-8). The asymptotic plateau value reached by NR electrophoretic mobility (μ) in the thin double layer limit supports the presence of a soft (ion- and water-permeable) polyelectrolytic type of layer located at the periphery of the NR particles. This property is confirmed by the analysis of the electron density profile obtained from cryo-TEM that evidences a ∼2-4 nm thick corona surrounding the NR polyisoprene core.

Comparative landscape genetic analyses show a Belgian motorway to be a gene flow barrier for red deer (Cervus elaphus), but not wild boars (Sus scrofa).

While motorways are often assumed to influence the movement behaviour of large mammals, there are surprisingly few studies that show an influence of these linear structures on the genetic make-up of wild ungulate populations. Here, we analyse the spatial genetic structure of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boars (Sus scrofa) along a stretch of motorway in the Walloon part of Belgium. Altogether, 876 red deer were genotyped at 13 microsatellite loci, and 325 wild boars at 14 loci.

First Report of Bacterial Speck of Tomato Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Race 1 in Portugal.

Protected and open field tomato crops are economically important for Portuguese agriculture. In 1983, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Okabe, 1933) Young, Dye & Wilkie, 1978 was first reported affecting protected crops (3) and then later under open field conditions (1).

Plant cell membranes as biochemical targets of the phytotoxin helminthosporol.

Helminthosporol is one of the natural sesquiterpenoid toxins isolated and identified in the culture medium of the phytopathogenic ascomycete fungus Cochliobolus sativus. The effect of this phytotoxin was investigated on enzymatic activities, electron and ion transport in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and microsomes of plant. The results indicate that helminthosporol drastically affects the membrane permeability of these organelles to protons and substrate anions, inhibiting the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the photophosphorylation in chloroplasts, and the proton pumping across the cell plasma membrane.

Effect of obstructive jaundice on wound healing. An experimental study in rats.

The effect of obstructive jaundice on wound healing was investigated in an experimental study of gastric and abdominal wounds in rats after ligation and division of the common bile duct. The healing of a parietal defect in these animals showed histologic evidence of delayed healing compared with controls. The bursting strength of the abdominal incision was also decreased, but not that of the stomach.

The posterior approach for villous tumors of the rectum. Report of eleven cases.

Use of the posterior surgical approach for the management of villous adenoma of the rectum below the peritoneal reflection has been evaluated in eleven patients. There has been no mortality and no recurrence. The Kraske approach was also suitable in four patients with noninvasive adenocarcinoma arising within villous adenomas, although there is no place for this procedure in the treatment of invasive carcinoma.

Hepatic resection for isolated tumor-like nodules in the liver.

We have reported two cases of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver in adults. One case is the first in which the regenerative process that occurred nine months after localized hepatic necrosis was implicated in the development of focal nodular hyperplasia. The other case concerned an idiopathic isolated liver nodule that occurred in a woman who never had taken oral contraceptives.

Intestinal changes after jejuno-ileal shunt in obesity: a report of 2 cases.

Two cases of end-to-end and end-to-side jejuno-ileal bypass for the treatment of obesity are reported in which both patients underwent reoperation 17 and 23 months later respectively. Macroscopic examination and measurements of length of the various segments of the small intestine have been performed twice in each patient: at the time of the bypass and at the second surgical procedure. In one patient a histological study of both the excluded and functioning small intestine was carried out at the time of each surgical procedure.