Regulation of anthocyanin and sugar accumulation in grape berry through carbon limitation and exogenous ABA application.

To optimize vineyard management practices to adapt viticulture to climate change, knowledge of the regulation mechanism of metabolite accumulation under carbon source limitation and abscisic acid (ABA) application in grapes should be deepened. Here, carbon source limitations were imposed by reducing leaf area from 12 to 2 leaves per vine (at pea sized stage, - 2L-P; or one week prior to veraison - 2L-V) and phloem girdling between the second and third leaf from bottom to top (one week prior to veraison - 12L-girdling) were compared for their effects on berry composition. All three modalities significantly reduced sugar, anthocyanin and ABA content in comparison with berries under sufficient carbon supply (12 leaves per vine - 12L), with 2L-V being the greatest.