Hacking biofilm developed in a structured-bed reactor (SBRRIA) with integrated processes of nitrogen and organic matter removal.

Biomass samples from a structured-bed reactor subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration (SBRRIA) were analyzed to investigate the bacterial community shift along with the changes in the C/N ratio. The C/N ratios tested were 7.6 ± 1.

Anoxic Microbial Community Robustness Under Variation of Hydraulic Retention Time and Availability of Endogenous Electron Donors.

The ADNMED (Anaerobic Digestion, Nitrification, and Mixotrophic Endogenous Denitrification) system comprises a triple chamber configuration that was shown to provide high-quality effluent regarding carbon, nitrogen, and sulfide. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 7 h in the anaerobic and anoxic chambers, and 5 h in the aerobic chamber (stage A). Sewage was directly added to the anoxic chamber to provide extra organic electron donors for denitrification (stage B) to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency (stage A 47 ± 19%).

Sulfide-driven denitrification: detecting active microorganisms in fed-batch enrichment cultures by DNA stable isotope probing.

A microbial community was enriched in the anoxic compartment of a pilot-scale bioreactor that was operated for 180 days, fed with sewage and designed for organic matter, nitrogen and sulfide removal by coupling anaerobic digestion, nitrification and mixotrophic denitrification. Denitrification occurred with endogenous electron donors, mainly sulfide and residual organic matter, coming from the anaerobic compartment. The microorganisms involved in denitrification with sulfide as electron donor were identified by DNA-stable isotope probing with [U-C]-labelled CO and NaHCO.

Determining the distribution of granule diameter from biological sludge.

Anaerobic granule sizes from various types of anaerobic biological wastewater treatments were investigated in order to understand the influence of this characteristic on the performance of the treatment system. To date, there is no standardised methodology in the current literature, which provides details of a process to obtain data, such as a suitable sample volume, a description of the precision and limitations of the techniques used. Therefore, the aim of this protocol is to standardise the granulometry assay that can measure granule sizes accurately and quickly.

Microbial community in a pilot-scale bioreactor promoting anaerobic digestion and sulfur-driven denitrification for domestic sewage treatment.

A pilot-scale reactor treating domestic sewage was operated to promote anaerobic digestion and denitrification using endogenous electron donors. While 55 % of organic matter was removed, nitrogen and sulfur showed a different dynamics during the operation. Pyrosequencing analysis clarified this behavior revealing that specific microbial communities inhabited the anaerobic (47.

A most-probable number technique for methanotrophic bacteria determination in biological reactors using methane as an electron donor for denitrification.

The most-probable number (MPN) technique along with methane uptake determinations were used to estimate the density of methanotrophic organisms in the biological reactors used for wastewater treatment. The experimental technique was conducted using serum bottles seeded with an inoculum taken from an aerobic sequencing batch reactor that used methane as the sole carbon source. To verify the presence ofmethanotrophic organisms in the support media, biomass samples were subjected to molecular cloning and sequencing techniques.

Removal of ammonium via simultaneous nitrification-denitrification nitrite-shortcut in a single packed-bed batch reactor.

A polyurethane packed-bed-biofilm sequential batch reactor was fed with synthetic substrate simulating the composition of UASB reactor effluents. Two distinct ammonia nitrogen concentrations (125 and 250 mg l(-1)) were supplied during two sequential long-term experiments of 160 days each (320 total). Cycles of 24h under intermittent aeration for periods of 1h were applied, and ethanol was added as a carbon source at the beginning of each anoxic period.

Granules characteristics in the vertical profile of a full-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating poultry slaughterhouse wastewater.

The performance and the granules characteristics of a 450 m(3) -UASB reactor operating for 1228 days, treating poultry slaughterhouse wastewater with an average COD reduction of 85% was examined. Granules were sampled in three different positions along the vertical central line of the reactor, revealing variations in the concentration of volatile total solids. Although the reactor had been in operation for an extended period of time, granule sizes of 0.