Allergic Conjunctivitis Management: Update on Ophthalmic Solutions.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review, is to present an updated revision of topical management of SAC and PAC, based on the available scientific evidence and focused on the impact of ophthalmic solution formulations on eye surface.

Recent Findings: Physicians treating ocular allergy should be aware of tear film and tear film disruption in SAC and PAC, and how eye drop composition and additives affect the physiology of the allergic eye. Seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (SAC and PAC) are the most frequent causes of ocular allergy (OA), and both conditions are underdiagnosed and undertreated.

Real-life experience after 3 months with tezepelumab before marketing approval.

Background: Tezepelumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), implicated in asthma pathogenesis, and that has been approved for patients with severe uncontrolled asthma in Spain in October 2023. This study evaluates our experience with Tezepelumab for those patients who received the indicated drug off-label prior to its commercialization.

Methods: We conducted a real-life observational study on three patients from the Severe Asthma Unit of the Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Spain, who received Tezepelumab off-label before its official approval.

Safety and Effectiveness of a Single Multiallergen Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Polyallergic Patients.

Background: As the number of allergic sensitizations increases the severity of allergic respiratory diseases worsens. Multiple monoallergen immunotherapy can be accompanied by poor treatment adherence and high costs, single multiallergen immunotherapy needs to prove efficacy whilst maintaining a good safety profile.

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study using a 2-pollen single undiluted multiallergen subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in routine clinical practice in Spain.

Recent Advances in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy as Treatment for Allergic Asthma: A Practical Overview.

The Global Initiative for Asthma Report updated in 2019 stated that potential benefits of allergen immunotherapy (AIT), compared to pharmacological and avoidance options, must be weighed against the risk of adverse effects and the inconvenience and cost of the prolonged course of therapy in asthma. Thus, with the aim of clarifying some aspects with regard to the possible use of AIT in allergic asthma treatment armamentarium, a group of expert allergists from the Spanish Allergy and Clinical Immunology Scientific Society (SEAIC), particularly from the Immunotherapy and Asthma Interest Groups developed a frequently asked questions in clinical practice. This document updates relevant topics on the use of AIT in asthma and could facilitate physician clinical decisions and improve health outcomes for individual patients.

Nut Allergy in Two Different Areas of Spain: Differences in Clinical and Molecular Pattern.

Introduction: Different clinical and molecular patterns of food allergy have been reported in different areas of the world. The aim of the study is to evaluate differences in allergen patterns among nut-allergic patients in two different areas of Spain.

Material And Methods: A total of 77 patients with nut allergy from two different regions of Spain (Madrid and Asturias) were evaluated.

The difficult management of anaphylaxis in the elderly.

Purpose Of Review: In this article, an overview of the main characteristics of the anaphylaxis in the elderly, a subset of the population with particular clinical and physiological features that might influence the presentation and management of this entity, is performed.

Recent Findings: Life expectancy of the population is increasing and so is the prevalence of allergic diseases in the elderly, including anaphylaxis. Older people present higher risk of fatalities after anaphylaxis, and some comorbidities and pharmacological treatments they may use might also increase that risk.

Allergies to fruits and vegetables.

Allergic reactions to fruits and vegetables are frequently observed in older children and adolescents. They can result from a primary sensitization to food allergens or from a primary sensitization to inhalant allergens such as pollens or latex. In the case of fruit allergies, the stability of the allergens involved is crucial to the sensitization pathway and in the clinical presentation of the food allergy.

Safety and effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis presenting with Hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis.

Background: Anaphylaxis after Hymenoptera sting has been described in patients with mastocytosis. Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is a safe and effective way to treat patients with Hymenoptera anaphylaxis, but few studies have addressed its usefulness in patients with systemic mastocytosis.

Objective: To study the effectiveness and safety of VIT in patients with systemic mastocytosis having anaphylaxis after Hymenoptera sting.

Identification of a 7S globulin as a novel coconut allergen.

Background: Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is a monocotyledonous plant of the Arecaceae family. Allergy to coconut is infrequent, with only 5 cases reported so far in the medical literature.

Objective: To identify coconut allergens in 2 patients allergic to this food.

Apple allergy across Europe: how allergen sensitization profiles determine the clinical expression of allergies to plant foods.

Background: Allergy to a plant food can either result from direct sensitization to that food or from primary sensitization to pollen, latex, or another food.

Objective: We sought to investigate the primary sensitizers in apple allergy across Europe, the individual allergens involved, and whether these differences determine the clinical presentation.

Methods: Patients (n = 389) with positive case histories and skin prick test responses to fresh apple were selected in the Netherlands, Austria, Italy, and Spain.

In vivo assessment with prick-to-prick testing and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge of allergenicity of apple cultivars.

Background: Apple cultivars have been reported to differ in allergenicity on the basis of in vitro and skin prick tests with apple extracts.

Objectives: We sought to evaluate the efficacy of the prick-to-prick method in assessing differences in allergenicity of apple cultivars and to confirm differences by means of double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC).

Methods: Intra-assay and intracultivar variation of prick-to-prick test results were determined in 6 Dutch and 8 Spanish patients with apple allergy by using 5 apples of the cultivars Golden Delicious, Fuji, and Ecolette in duplicate.

Lipid transfer proteins from fruit: cloning, expression and quantification.

Background: Lipid transfer proteins (LTP) are stable, potentially life-threatening allergens in fruits and many other vegetable foods. The aim of this study was to clone and express recombinant apple LTP (Mal d 3), as has previously been done for peach LTP (Pru p 3) and set up quantitative tests for measuring fruit LTPs.

Methods: cDNA for Mal d 3 and Pru p 3 was cloned, expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris and the resulting proteins were purified via cation exchange chromatography.

Clinically relevant peach allergy is related to peach lipid transfer protein, Pru p 3, in the Spanish population.

Background: Sensitization to peach and related Rosaceae fruits without clinical expression is commonly observed as the result of the extensive cross-reactivity of IgE antibodies directed toward lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), Bet v 1 homologues, profilins, and carbohydrate determinants.

Objective: We aimed to study whether there are any clinical or immunologic differences between patients allergic to peach and those who have a current clinically irrelevant sensitization to this fruit.

Methods: One hundred subjects with adverse reactions to peach were evaluated by medical history, skin prick tests with fresh peach and purified peach LTP (Pru p 3), and specific IgE determinations to peach, rBet v 1, and rBet v 2 (birch profilin).