Sanitary-Hygienic Research to Ensure State Sanitary-Epidemiological Surveillance in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Objective: There are numerous factors that impact human health. Sanitary and hygienic conditions in the workplace and living environments, the state of the environment, and nutrition levels play a significant role in determining environmental quality. An integral part is also the organization of effective treatment and preventive health care services for the population.

Rotavirus genotype distribution in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan, 2007-2009.

This is the first study to present rotavirus genotype distribution in children admitted to a hospital with acute gastroenteritis in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan from January 2007 through December 2009. In total, 858 rotavirus ELISA-positive samples were characterized by RT-PCR, with a considerable geographical and seasonal variation in genotype distribution observed during the study. The globally common genotypes (G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8], G12P[8] and G12P[6]) accounted for 81.

Epidemiology and burden of rotavirus disease in Central Asia.

Background: Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide. New rotavirus vaccines are not currently used in the five countries that make up the Central Asian region. Three of these countries, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan, have a combined total population of 48 million and an estimated 1 million annual births.

High genetic diversity of measles virus, World Health Organization European Region, 2005-2006.

During 2005-2006, nine measles virus (MV) genotypes were identified throughout the World Health Organization European Region. All major epidemics were associated with genotypes D4, D6, and B3. Other genotypes (B2, D5, D8, D9, G2, and H1) were only found in limited numbers of cases after importation from other continents.

The Aral Sea disaster--human biomonitoring of Hg, As, HCB, DDE, and PCBs in children living in Aralsk-and Akchi, Kazakhstan.

Mercury and arsenic have been measured in urine samples and HCB, DDE and PCBs in blood samples of children from Aralsk and Akchi, Kazakhstan. Due to the special situation of Aralsk in the desert left by the drying out Aral Sea, environmental pollution with heavy metals and organic contaminants is believed to be higher than elsewhere in Kazakhstan. Aralsk was formerly located at the shore of the Aral Sea and is now far away from it.