Fixed-loop vs. adjustable-loop cortical button devices for femoral fixation in ACL reconstruction - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Button implants with either a fixed-loop device (FLD) or adjustable-loop device (ALD) are used frequently in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR). Since revision ACLR is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, it is important to investigate the difference in risk of revision between FLDs and ALDs. Therefore, this paper aims to systematically assess the risk of revision ACLR between ALDs and FLDs as well as secondary outcomes such as knee stability and patient reported outcomes (PROMs).

Adjustable-loop implants are non-inferior to fixed-loop implants for femoral fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: Button implants with an adjustable-loop device (ALD) are often used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Clinical research comparing ALDs with fixed-loop devices (FLD) has mainly been conducted in small patient populations with short follow-up times. To determine whether ALDs are safe to use in ACLR, a non-inferiority study with a large sample population and a long follow-up period would be beneficial.

The Effect of Bone Marrow Stimulation for Cartilage Repair on the Subchondral Bone Plate.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of bone-marrow stimulation (BMS) on subchondral bone plate morphology and remodeling compared to untreated subchondral bone in a validated minipig model.

Methods: Three Göttingen minipigs received BMS with drilling as treatment for two chondral defects in each knee. The animals were euthanized after six months.

Steam-treatment-based soil remediation promotes heat-tolerant, potentially pathogenic microbiota.

We investigated microbiota in surface and subsurface soil from a site, above steam-treated deep sub-soil originally contaminated with chlorinated solvents. During the steam treatment, the surface soil reached temperatures c. 30 degrees C higher than the temperature in untreated soil; whereas the subsurface soil, at a depth of about 40 cm, reached a temperature c.

Interspecific relationships among soil invertebrates influence pollutant effects of phenanthrene.

Five mesofauna communities varying in both structure and composition were exposed to phenanthrene in mesocosms for up to four months. Effects of phenanthrene were assessed on mesofauna population dynamics, fungal biomass (ergosterol concentrations), and litter decomposition (litter mass loss, nitrogen concentration). The effects of each community on the fate of phenanthrene were also assessed.

Penicillium verrucosum occurrence and ochratoxin A contents in organically cultivated grain with special reference to ancient wheat types and drying practice.

This study addresses the relationship between the ochratoxigenic strains of Penicillium verrucosum and ochratoxin A (OTA) contents in organically cultivated grain. It included 37 combined, non-dried grain samples from farmers with no drying facilities as well as 19 non-dried and 22 dried samples from six farms with on-farm drying facilities (Case studies 1-6). The study focused on the ancient wheat type spelt but also included samples of wheat, rye, barley, oats, triticale, emmer, and einkorn.

Ochratoxin A producing Penicillium verrucosum isolates from cereals reveal large AFLP fingerprinting variability.

Aims: To examine if molecular amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting of the only ochratoxin A-producing species in European cereals, Penicillium verrucosum, can be used as a method in hazard analysis using critical control points (HACCP).

Methods And Results: A total of 321 isolates of P. verrucosum were isolated from ochratoxin A-contaminated cereals from Denmark (oats), UK (wheat and barley) and Sweden (wheat).

Production of trichothecenes and other secondary metabolites by Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium equiseti on common laboratory media and a soil organic matter agar: an ecological interpretation.

Fusarium culmorum and F. equiseti were characterized with regard to production of trichothecenes and other secondary metabolites. Results following growth on laboratory media are interpreted with the aim of increasing the understanding of fungal metabolism in the field environment.

Field ecology of the ochratoxin A-producing Penicillium verrucosum: survival and resource colonisation in soil.

A field experiment was conducted to elucidate the survival of P. verrucosum in infested bulk soil (T1) and infested soil with waste grain (T2). The infested soil and reference soil (T3) was filled into steel cylinders, which were buried and sampled 13 times during a period from October 1994 to March 1996.

Side effects of propiconazole (tilt 250 EC(TM)) on non-target soil fungi in a field trial compared with natural stress effects.

The present study was performed as a dose-response field experiment using a trade marked formulation of the ergosterol biosynthesis inhibiting fungicide, propiconazole, applied at the recommended and ten times the recommended application rates. The soil dilution plate method was used to isolate fungi from 0-1 and 1-2 cm soil depth. Soil samples were taken 10 times during the period from May 22 to August 11, 1986.