Publications by authors named "Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio"
Introduction: Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS) are caused by malignant cells that induce hormonal alterations unrelated to the tissue of origin of the neoplasm. The aim of this manuscript is to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS).
Areas Covered: We searched the PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Scielo databases, including 96 articles.
Article Synopsis
- Adrenal tuberculosis is a leading cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in regions where tuberculosis (TB) is common, as highlighted in a case report that used CT imaging for diagnosis.
- A 37-year-old woman from Peru, who had been exposed to TB, showed signs of adrenal insufficiency; CT scans revealed enlarged adrenals with calcifications, leading to a diagnosis of adrenal TB.
- Despite treatment with prednisone and anti-TB medication resulting in symptom relief, she later died from pneumonia, emphasizing the need for awareness of adrenal TB in TB-endemic areas and the role of CT in diagnosis when biopsies are not possible.
Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine system. Chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis disruption. Despite its importance, assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently neglected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Adverse reactions to tuberculosis treatment can impact patient adherence and prognosis. Hypothyroidism is a frequent adverse reaction caused using ethionamide, prothionamide, and para-aminosalicylic acid and is often underdiagnosed.
Areas Covered: We searched Scielo, Scopus, and EMBASE databases, including 67 articles.
Background: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high, increasing worldwide prevalence. Genetic causes account for 7% of the cases in children with extreme obesity.
Data Sources: This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and SciELO databases and included 161 articles.
Article Synopsis
- Refractory hypothyroidism (RH) is a challenging condition where standard treatment with high doses of levothyroxine (LT4) fails to control thyroid disease.
- A review of 103 articles highlighted various causes of RH, including noncompliance, changes in LT4 brand, and medical issues like lactose intolerance or infections.
- Early identification and addressing the root causes of RH are crucial to avoid excessive LT4 dosing and prevent potential complications like cardiovascular and bone issues.
Article Synopsis
- Infertility in women is identified as the inability to conceive after a year of unprotected sex, with a focus on endocrine-related issues such as hormonal imbalances and conditions like PCOS and thyroid dysfunction.
- A detailed review analyzed 245 articles, discussing the physiological mechanisms of infertility, diagnostic methods that include hormonal studies, and treatment options starting with lifestyle changes before moving to medication.
- Continued research is essential to address the existing knowledge gaps, aiming for personalized treatments that could significantly improve fertility outcomes in the near future.