Concordance of Pericardial Effusion Size Between Computed Tomography and Echocardiography.

Discrepancy between computed tomography (CT) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) regarding pericardial effusion (PEff) size is common, but there is limited data regarding the correlation between these 2 imaging methods. The aim of this study is to examine the real-world concordance of observed PEff size between CT and TTE. We performed a retrospective analysis of all imaging reports available from 2013 to 2019 and identified patients with a PEff who underwent both a chest CT and TTE within a 24-hour period.

Chest CT Angiography for Acute Aortic Pathologic Conditions: Pearls and Pitfalls.

Chest CT angiography (CTA) is essential in the diagnosis of acute aortic syndromes. Chest CTA quality can be optimized with attention to technical parameters pertaining to noncontrast imaging, timing of contrast-enhanced imaging, contrast material volume, kilovolt potential, tube-current modulation, and decisions regarding electrocardiographic-gating and ultra-fast imaging, which may affect the accurate diagnosis of acute aortic syndromes. An understanding of methods to apply to address suboptimal image quality is useful, as the accurate identification of acute aortic syndromes is essential for appropriate patient management.

SARS-CoV-2 From the Trenches: A Perspective From New York City.

The response to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is evolving in New York City. We would like to share our experiences, thoughts, and perspectives on coping with the pandemic. This article presents experiences that are meant to help foster discussion as the wave of COVID-19 continues.

Artificial Intelligence in Cardiothoracic Radiology.

The goal of this article is to examine some of the current cardiothoracic radiology applications of artificial intelligence in general and deep learning in particular. Artificial intelligence has been used for the analysis of medical images for decades. Recent advances in computer algorithms and hardware, coupled with the availability of larger labeled datasets, have brought about rapid advances in this field.

Aortic arch dissection: a controversy of classification.

Aortic dissections originating in the ascending aorta and descending aorta have been classified as type A and type B dissections, respectively. However, dissections with intimal flap extension into the aortic arch between the innominate and left subclavian arteries are not accounted for adequately in the widely used Stanford classification. This gap has been the subject of controversy in the medical and surgical literature, and there is a tendency among many radiologists to categorize such arch dissections as type A lesions, thus making them an indication for surgery.

Mapping the binding of the N-terminal extracellular tail of the CXCR4 receptor to stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha.

The solution structure of monomeric stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha), the natural ligand for the CXCR4 G-coupled receptor, has been solved by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. The structure has a characteristic chemokine fold and is in excellent agreement with the individual subunits observed in the crystal structures of dimeric SDF-1alpha. Using various peptides derived from the N-terminal extracellular tail of the CXCR4 receptor, we show that the principal determinants of binding reside in the N-terminal 17 residues of CXCR4, with a major contribution from the first six residues.

Magnetic resonance histology: in situ single cell imaging of receptor cells in an invertebrate (Lolliguncula brevis, Cephalopoda) sense organ.

Utilizing contrast-enhanced MR histology, individual cell bodies were identified in situ and compared one-to-one with conventional histology. The squid Lolliguncula brevis served as a model where the receptor cells of the proprioceptive neck receptor organ were labeled with paramagnetic cobalt(II) ions by conventional cobalt iontophoresis. Stimulated echo images were obtained using a 9.

Structure of hybrid backbone methylphosphonate DNA heteroduplexes: effect of R and S stereochemistry.

Methyl phosphonate oligonucleotides have been used as antisense and antigene agents. Substitution of a methyl group for oxygen in the phosphate ester backbone introduces a new chiral center. Significant differences in physical properties and hybridization abilities are observed between the R(p) and S(p) diastereomers.