Multi-stakeholder opinion statement on the care of individuals born with differences of sex development: common ground and opportunities for improvement.

Background: In the last 15 years, the care provided for individuals born with differences of sex development (DSD) has evolved, with a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary approaches. However, these developments have not convinced some stakeholders to embrace the current model of care. This care model has also paid insufficient attention to socio-cultural differences and global inequalities.

Listening to Individuals with Differences in Sex Development or Intersex and Their Families: "Not Doing Surgery Does Not Mean Doing Nothing".

Informed decision-making and considerations of the child's best interest offer a starting place for building informed and lifelong discussions that promote the long-term interests and the well-being of individuals experiencing differences in sex development (DSD) or intersex traits. Parents require sufficient information and support to understand what "doing something and doing nothing" really means when learning about nonsurgical options. This may take the form of health literacy support, asking how parents are given access to meaningful and understandable information, as well as psychosocial support and psychological care.

Determinant factors of gender identity: a commentary.

Paediatric specialists involved in the care of children with disorders of sex development may be expected to provide straightforward answers to questions concerning the "true sex" of a child, reflecting common perceptions of sex/gender as an immutable binary biological reality. This article highlights how much more broad and complex the topic of gender identity and its development is. Many theories have been put forward to advance knowledge of gender identity.

Working together in placing the long term interests of the child at the heart of the DSD evaluation.

This paper articulates a number of important but often ignored questions that families have during and following the diagnosis of a child with a DSD. Recounting a personal birth experience, it illustrates the urgent need for more psychological and educational support during and following diagnosis and gender assignment. Finally, the paper describes some practical strategies for raising a child living with genital difference.