Discrimination and sleep disturbance among older Black Americans: A longitudinal analysis of the Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: Black and older adults have higher risk for sleep problems than their White and younger counterparts. Yet, our understanding of the determinants of sleep problems specifically among older Black adults is severely limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether everyday and major discrimination are longitudinally associated with sleep disturbance in a nationally representative sample of older Black adults.

African American Family Caregivers' Experiences and Mental Health: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: Caregiving in the African American community is informed by strong cultural expectations but may be associated with negative experiences and poor mental health outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study is to understand the relationship between caregiving experiences and mental health and explore stress management strategies in African American family caregivers of adults with chronic or disabling conditions.

Methods: African American family caregivers (N = 100) were recruited using community-engaged methods and completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Caregiver Reaction Assessment scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) Scale.

Medication Adherence of Older Adults with Hypertension: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Hypertension (HTN) significantly increases the risk of stroke and heart disease, which are the leading causes of death and disability globally, particularly among older adults. Antihypertensive medication is a proven treatment for blood pressure control and preventing complications. However, medication adherence rates in older adults with HTN are low.

Caregivers' Contributions to Heart Failure Self-care: An Updated Systematic Review.

Background: A previous systematic review reporting the contributions of informal, unpaid caregivers to patient heart failure (HF) self-care requires updating to better inform research, practice, and policy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide an updated review answering the questions: (1) What specific activities do informal caregivers of adults with HF take part in related to HF self-care? (2) Have the activities that informal caregivers of adults with HF take part in related to HF self-care changed over time? (3) What are the gaps in the science?

Methods: This review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched.

Lived experiences: Growing up with a seriously mentally ill parent.

Introduction: Individuals with serious mental illness often have persistent and disruptive symptoms. These can profoundly affect their children's lives, exposing them to adverse social and psychological conditions. Such conditions can result in traumatic lived experiences during childhood, which can carry over into adulthood, influencing their self-perceptions and shaping their attitudes toward themselves and society.

Historic redlining and health outcomes: A systematic review.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing literature on the associations between historic redlining and modern-day health outcomes across the lifespan.

Method: This review searched PubMed and CINAHL for peer-reviewed, data-based articles examining the relationship between historic redlining and any health outcome. Articles were appraised using the JBI critical appraisal checklist.

Social Activity Restriction and Psychological Health Among Caregivers of Older Adults With and Without Dementia.

Objectives: We examined associations between social activity restriction and psychological distress and well-being for caregivers of older adults with and without dementia, and if the identified associations are different for the two groups.

Methods: Using data from the 2017 National Study of Caregiving, we identified caregivers of older adults with ( = 541) and without ( = 1701) dementia. Linear regression models were estimated, adjusting for caregivers' age, gender, race, education, relationship to care recipient, and self-rated health.

Longitudinal Associations Among Symptoms of Family Intensive Care Unit Syndrome.

Background: Family intensive care unit (ICU) syndrome, a comorbid response to another person's stay in the ICU, is characterized by emotional distress, poor sleep health, and decision fatigue.

Objectives: This pilot study examined associations among symptoms of emotional distress (anxiety and depression), poor sleep health (sleep disturbance), and decision fatigue in a sample of family members of patients in the ICU.

Methods: The study used a repeated-measures, correlational design.

Resilience as a moderator of role overload and sleep disturbance among caregivers of persons with dementia.

The purpose of this study was to examine if resilience moderates the association between role overload and sleep disturbance among caregivers of persons with dementia. This was a secondary analysis of data on 437 informal caregivers (mean age=61.77 years, SD=13.

Sleep health dimensions are associated with next-day symptoms in young adults with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: We investigated intra-individual reciprocal associations between sleep health dimensions (individual and composite) and symptoms among young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Design And Measurements: Cross-lagged multilevel models were used to analyze electronic diary-reported sleep and symptom patterns over 7 days at waketime in 42 young adults with T1D. Sleep health dimensions included regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency (percentage of time spent asleep), and duration (total sleep time) and symptoms included mood, fatigue, and pain.

The Mediating Effect of Caregiving Relationship Quality on the Association Between Caregiving Stressors and Mental Health Problems Among Older Spousal Caregivers.

Providing care to a spouse can be especially challenging for older adults given their compounding stressors resulting from aging and caregiving. This cross-sectional study examines the relationships between caregiving stressors and caregiver mental health problems and the potential mediator (i.e.

Socioeconomic deprivation and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with type 1 diabetes: T1D exchange clinic registry.

Aims: Social determinants of health (SDOH) influence cardiovascular health in the general population; however, the degree to which this occurs in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is not well understood. We evaluated associations among socioeconomic deprivation and cardiometabolic risk factors (hemoglobin A, low-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, body mass index, physical activity) in individuals with T1D from the T1D Clinic Exchange Registry.

Methods: We evaluated the association between the social deprivation index (SDI) and cardiometabolic risk factors using multivariable and logistic regression among 18,754 participants ages 13 - 90 years (mean 29.

Understanding and Optimizing Family Caregiver Participation in Dyadic Research.

Background: Research to understand self-care behaviors increasingly engages patient-caregiver dyads. However, collecting data on dyads requires both members to complete the research protocol, potentially resulting in biased information if caregivers who do not participate differ from caregivers who do.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine how recruitment conditions and patients' appraisal of dyadic engagement in heart failure management are related to caregiver participation across two research studies.

Examining how congruence in and satisfaction with dyadic care type appraisal contribute to quality of life in heart failure care dyads.

Aims: Given the complexity of heart failure (HF) management, persons with HF and their informal caregivers often engage in dyadic illness management. It is unknown how congruent appraisal of dyadic HF care type is associated with dyadic health. Our aim was to examine how congruence in and satisfaction with appraisal of dyadic HF care type contribute to quality of life (QOL) for dyads.

A pilot randomized clinical trial of a teamwork intervention for heart failure care dyads.

Background: Dyadic heart failure (HF) management can improve outcomes for patients and caregivers and can be enhanced through eHealth interventions.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an eHealth dyadic teamwork intervention, compared to an attention control condition.

Methods: We recruited 29 HF patient-caregiver dyads from inpatient units and randomized dyads to an intervention or a control group.

Insights from Monitoring Aspirin Adherence: A Medication Adherence Cascade Tool.

Background: Adherence to recommended medications is a key issue in the care of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and barriers to adherence are well established during the medication adherence cascade, the processes of prescribing, obtaining, taking, and maintaining medication use. Aspirin avoids many of the barriers in the medication adherence cascade as it does not require a prescription (prescribing) and is inexpensive, easily accessible (obtaining), prescribed once-daily (taking) as an over-the-counter medication and is generally perceived by patients as safe (maintaining). The purpose of this paper is to report aspirin adherence and propose the Medication Adherence Cascade Tool to assist clinicians to consider all aspects of medication adherence.

Caregiving Stress and Self-Rated Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Resourcefulness.

Family caregivers faced unprecedented circumstances and experienced increased levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Resourcefulness can minimize the effect of stress on health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between caregiving stress during the pandemic, resourcefulness, and self-rated health and assess the mediating effect of resourcefulness.

Family Caregivers' Experiences and Changes in Caregiving Tasks During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The purpose of this descriptive study was to describe family caregivers' experiences and changes in caregiving tasks and approaches during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using web-based strategies, 69 family caregivers of adults with chronic or disabling conditions were recruited and completed an online survey about positive and negative caregiving experiences, and ways in which caregiving has changed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (structured questions) and conventional content analysis (open-ended responses).

Negative marital interaction, purpose in life, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older couples: evidence from the Health and Retirement Study.

Objective: Negative marital interaction and purpose in life have been associated with depressive symptoms. Yet, these associations have not been fully explored in a dyadic context. This study examines the actor (intra-individual) and partner (cross-spousal) effects of negative marital interaction on depressive symptoms in couples and the potential mediating role of purpose in life.

Systematic Review of Technology-Based Interventions Targeting Chronically Ill Adults and Their Caregivers.

The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the study design features as well as the attributes and outcomes of technology-based health interventions targeting chronically ill adults and their family caregivers. Twenty papers representing 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. Various theoretical foundations or approaches guided the interventions in 11 studies.

The Role of Social, Economic, and Physical Environmental Factors in Care Planning for Home Health Care Recipients.

Social, economic, and environmental factors contribute to patients' recovery following hospitalization. However, little is known about how home health nurses make decisions based on their assessment of these factors. The purpose of the current study was to explore the nonclinical factors that home health nurses evaluate and describe how these factors influence care planning decisions.

A psychometric evaluation of the Family Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale among surrogate decision-makers of the critically ill.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the psychometric properties, in terms of validity and reliability, of the Unconscious Version of the Family Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale (FDMSE).

Methods: A convenience sample of 215 surrogate decision-makers for critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation was recruited from four intensive care units at a tertiary hospital. Cross-sectional data were collected from participants between days 3 and 7 of a decisionally impaired patient's exposure to acute mechanical ventilation.

The Use of Closing Questions in Qualitative Research: Results of a Web-Based Survey.

Background: Scarce and differing reasons for including closing questions in qualitative research exist, but how data generated from these questions are used remains uncertain.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to understand if and how researchers use closing questions in qualitative research, specifically the research questions were: (a) "Why do qualitative researchers include or exclude closing questions during interviews?" and (b) "How do qualitative researchers use data from closing questions?"

Methods: A qualitative descriptive design using a single, asynchronous, web-based, investigator-designed survey containing 14 items was used to collect data. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants.

The Contribution of Living Arrangements, Social Support, and Self-efficacy to Self-management Behaviors Among Individuals With Heart Failure: A Path Analysis.

Background: Living arrangements, social support, and self-efficacy have significant implications for self-management science. Despite the theoretical linkages among the 3 concepts, there is limited empirical evidence about their interplay and the subsequent influence on heart failure (HF) self-management.

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate components of the Individual and Family Self-management Theory among individuals with HF.