Levosulpiride for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema: a phase 2 randomized clinical trial.

Background/objective: The prokinetic levosulpiride elevates vasoinhibin levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) suggesting clinical benefits due to the anti-vasopermeability and anti-angiogenic properties of vasoinhibin. We investigated the biological activity of levosulpiride in centre-involving diabetic macular oedema (DME).

Patients/methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, dual-centre, phase 2 trial in patients with centre-involving DME orally treated with placebo (n = 17) or levosulpiride (n = 17) for 8 weeks or in patients with PDR undergoing elective pars plana vitrectomy and receiving placebo (n = 18) or levosulpiride (n = 18) orally for the 1 week before vitrectomy.

Preventable risk factors for type 2 diabetes can be detected using noninvasive spontaneous electroretinogram signals.

Given the ever-increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes and obesity, the pressure on global healthcare is expected to be colossal, especially in terms of blindness. Electroretinogram (ERG) has long been perceived as a first-use technique for diagnosing eye diseases, and some studies suggested its use for preventable risk factors of type 2 diabetes and thereby diabetic retinopathy (DR). Here, we show that in a non-evoked mode, ERG signals contain spontaneous oscillations that predict disease cases in rodent models of obesity and in people with overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome but not yet diabetes, using one single random forest-based model.

Levosulpiride Increases the Levels of Prolactin and Antiangiogenic Vasoinhibin in the Vitreous of Patients with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: High circulating levels of the hormone prolactin (PRL) protect against experimental diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to the retinal accumulation of vasoinhibin, a PRL fragment that inhibits blood vessel permeability and growth. A phase 2 clinical trial is investigating a new therapy for DR based on elevating serum PRL levels with levosulpiride, a prokinetic dopamine D2 receptor blocker. Here, we tested whether levosulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia elevates PRL and vasoinhibin in the vitreous of volunteer patients with proliferative DR (PDR) undergoing elective pars plana vitrectomy.

Frequency of conjunctival epithelial dysplasia in patients with pterygium.

Purpose: To determine the frequency of ocular squamous surface neoplasia associated with pterygium in an ophthalmology reference center in Central Mexico.

Methods: We reviewed histopathological reports and slides of all patients who underwent pterygium surgery from 2014 to 2016 at the Instituto Mexicano de Oftalmologia in Queretaro (Mexico).

Results: We studied 177 biopsy samples; 66% were from women, and the median age was 52 years.

Effects of Acute Atmospheric Pressure Changes on Dynamic Contour Tonometry and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry in Normal Individuals: A Pilot Study.

Unlabelled: PRéCIS:: Intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement differences with Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) are affected by atmospheric pressure inside a hyperbaric chamber.

Purpose: To compare IOP measurements obtained with GAT and DCT in 22 normal individuals at different atmospheric pressures simulated in a hyperbaric chamber.

Methods: The IOP of both eyes of 22 healthy volunteers was measured using GAT and DCT at 4 different atmospheric pressure levels.

Basis and Design of a Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Levosulpiride on Retinal Alterations in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are potentially blinding, microvascular retinal diseases in people with diabetes mellitus. Preclinical studies support a protective role of the hormone prolactin (PRL) due to its ocular incorporation and conversion to vasoinhibins, a family of PRL fragments that inhibit ischemia-induced retinal angiogenesis and diabetes-derived retinal vasopermeability. Here, we describe the protocol of an ongoing clinical trial investigating a new therapy for DR and DME based on elevating the circulating levels of PRL with the prokinetic, dopamine D2 receptor blocker, levosulpiride.

High Prolactin Excretion in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Renal Function.

Background: The metabolic clearance of prolactin (PRL) is partially executed by the kidney. Here, we investigate the urine excretion of PRL in patients with Diabetes Mellitus and renal impairment.

Methods: Serum and urine samples were collected from male, mestizo patients in central Mexico employing a cross-sectional study design.

[Peripheral and central audiologic findings in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome].

Objective: To identify and describe peripheral and central audiological abnormalities of patients with Vogt Koyanagi Harada syndrome.

Materials And Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. Vogt Koyanagi Harada patients referred from an ophthalmologic centre were assessed for signs and symptoms of auditory pathology.