Prevalence of hepatitis B and C at a major tuberculosis centre in Denmark.

Background: Denmark is a low-prevalence country for tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV) but the three diseases have similar sociodemographic risk factors. We estimated the prevalence and possible risk factors of HBV and HCV among TB-patients in a large TB clinic in Denmark.

Methods: All patients starting anti-TB-treatment at Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev-Gentofte from April 1 2018 through June 1 2019 were included.

IP-10 can be measured in dried plasma spots in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.

The chemokine IP-10 (CXCL10) is a candidate marker for hepatitis C virus (HCV) fibrosis monitoring. The aim of this proof-of-concept study is to assess if IP-10 measurements from dried plasma spots (DPS) are accurate in HCV-infected patients with either minimal or significant fibrosis. We measured IP-10 levels in plasma and DPS of 21 HCV-infected patients with cirrhosis and 19 patients with no/little fibrosis (determined with FibroScan).

Low liver stiffness among cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B after prolonged treatment with nucleoside analogs.

Objective: Case reports and short-term clinical trials have suggested that treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may lead to improvement of cirrhosis. The aim of the present study was to measure liver stiffness in patients diagnosed with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis prior to prolonged treatment with nucleoside or nucleotide analogs (NUCs) for CHB.

Materials And Methods: Patients with CHB and advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis prior to treatment with NUCs for at least 1 year were offered inclusion in the study.

Lower liver stiffness in patients with sustained virological response 4 years after treatment for chronic hepatitis C.

Objective: Transient elastography (TE) is a noninvasive and well validated method for measurement of liver stiffness. The aim of this study was to use TE to evaluate whether patients with sustained virological response (SVR) have lower liver stiffness than patients with non-SVR after treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

Methods: Patients with CHC, who had undergone liver biopsy before treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, were included from four clinical centres in Denmark.

Reactivation of hepatitis D virus after chemotherapy for diffuse large B cell lymphoma despite lamivudine prophylaxis.

We describe a case of reactivation of hepatitis D virus (HDV) in a patient treated with chemotherapy for a diffuse large B cell lymphoma despite lamivudine prophylaxis. This case suggests that previously cleared HDV should be considered when administering chemotherapy to patients with lymphoma.

Transient elastography for liver fibrosis diagnosis.

Liver biopsy is considered the "golden standard" for assessment of hepatic fibrosis. However, the procedure has limitations because of inconvenience and rare but serious complications as bleeding. Furthermore, sampling errors are frequent, and interobserver variability often poses problems.

Evaluation of four non-invasive methods for examination and characterization of pressure ulcers.

Background: Pressure ulcers are globally of major concern and there is need for research in the pathogenesis for early intervention. Early studies have suggested existence of a hypo-echogenic subepidermal layer at the location of pressure ulcers, visualized by ultrasound scans. As a continuation, we here report on usability of four non-invasive techniques for evaluation of pressure ulcers.

[New treatment of chronic hepatitis B].

Worldwide, 350 million people are infected with chronic hepatitis B. Over the last few years, it has been possible to treat chronic hepatitis B. Treatment very often consists of nucleos(t)ide analogs and in a few cases of pegylated alpha-interferon.

[Uveitis--a manifestation of syphilis].

We describe two cases of neurosyphilis whose diagnosis was based on ocular symptoms. Both patients were treated in the Eye Department for bilateral uveitis, and they were tested serologically positive for syphilis. The diagnoses of neurosyphilis were confirmed by demonstration of CSF pleocytosis and specific intrathecal antibody production.